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Peroxy acid

Peroxymonosulfuric acid is one of the most important peroxy acids.

A peroxy acid,[1] also written peroxyacid or shortened to peracid,[2] is an acid where an acidic hydrogen atom is bonded to two consecutive oxygen atoms. They have a hydroperoxide functional group, −OOH.

Peroxy acids are weaker acids but stronger oxidizers than related oxoacids.

Production

Many oxoacids can be changed to peroxy acids in a chemical reaction with hydrogen peroxide. An example of this is the production of peroxymonosulfuric acid:[3]

H2SO4 + H2O2 → H2SO5 + H2O

Organic peracids can be made from carboxylic acids or their derivatives, like acid anhydrides or acyl chlorides.[4]

Uses

A major use for peroxy acids and their salts is the oxidation of alkenes into epoxides. If an organic peroxy acid is used, this is a name reaction called the Prilezhaev reaction.[2] Potassium peroxymonosulfate, sold commercially in a mix of salts called Oxone, is an inorganic peroxy acid salt used in a similar reaction.[5]

References

  1. ↑ IUPAC, Compendium of Chemical Terminology, 5th ed. (the "Gold Book") (2025). Online version: (2006–) "Peroxy acid". doi:10.1351/goldbook.P04513
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 "Prilezhaev Reaction". Organic Chemistry Portal. Retrieved 2025-04-17.
  3. ↑ US patent 5429812, Colin F. McDonogh and Neil J. Sanders, "Manufacture of peroxidic compositions", issued 1995-07-04, assigned to Solvay Interox Ltd 
  4. ↑ "Peroxy Acids and Esters". Organic Chemistry Portal. Retrieved 2025-04-17.
  5. ↑ Dan Yang, Yiu-Chung Yip, Guan-Sheng Jiao, and Man-Kin Wong (2002). "In Situ Catalytic Epoxidation of Olefins with Tetrahydrothiopyran-4-One and Oxone: trans-2-methyl-2,3-diphenyloxirane". Organic Syntheses. 78: 225{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link).

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