Jiří Kylián (born 21 March 1947) is a Czech former dancer and contemporary dance choreographer.[1]
Biography
Family
Jiří Kylián was born in 1947 in Prague – Czechoslovakia, as one of two sons to his father Václav who was a banker and to his mother Markéta, who was as a young teenager a dancer-child protégée.[2][3]
Education
During the years 1962-1967 Kylián studied at the Prague Conservatory.[4] One teacher of the Conservatory, who left a deep mark on Kylián´s professional development, was Zora Šemberová, known for her world´s first interpretation of Juliet (1938) in Prokofiev’s famous ballet.
In 1967 Kylián had received a scholarship to study at the "Royal Ballet School" in London,
Stuttgart Ballet
He met John Cranko, choreographer, there, who offered him a contract, to become a member of his acclaimed "Stuttgart Ballett".[5] Before taking up his contract, Kylián shortly returned to Prague, but on August 21st, 1968, the invasion of the communist "Warsaw-Pact " forces began. On the 28th of August, after taking part in many demonstrations against the occupation, Kylián left for Germany.[6]
In Stuttgart Cranko asked Kylián to create choreographies for the company. His first work was "Kommen und Gehen", created with Marcia Haydée and Richard Cragun. In the early 70’s Cranko invited Glen Tetley to become resident choreographer in Stuttgart. Tetley´s work made a great impression on Kylián, namely Tetley’s understanding of movement, and its relation to space, was a revelation for Kylián.
Netherlands Dance Theatre
In early seventies, Kylián was invited to create his first choreography for the Netherlands Dance Theatre ("Viewers-1973"). Having created two more works for NDT ("Stoolgame" 1974 and "La Cathédrale Engloutie" 1975) the offer to become artistic director of NDT together with Hans Knill, was extented to him.[7][8]
The creation of "Sinfonietta", to music of Kylian´s co-patriot Leoš Janáček for the "Charleston Festival" in the USA in 1978 led to international recognition of the company.[9][10] Subsequently many important international tours of NDT have taken place incl. Metropolitan Opera House in New York, the Paris Opera etc.
During Kyliáns engagement in NDT (1975-2009), he has created more than 75 choreographies for the company. Further pieces he made for other worldwide companies, such as the Stuttgart Ballet, the Opéra de Paris, the Munich Bayerisches Staatsballett, and the Tokyo Ballet.[7]
Realizing the importance of education of young dancers, Jiří Kylián and Carel Birnie, the managing director of NDT, have decided in 1978 to create a new company - NDT II, in which young people would get the opportunity to develop their skills and talents. After many years of directorship, Kylián saw the departure of many fine and interesting performers. It was in 1991 [7] that he decided to create a small group for dancers, who find themselves in the precarious age between "forty and death". The world premiere of this “Senior Company” was created by choreographers: Hans van Manen, Mats Ek, William Forsythe and Jiří Kylián. The original dancers were: Sabine Kupferberg, Alida Chase, Gérard Lemaitre and Niklas Ek. The importance of this new development in dance was instantly recognized by the public as well as by the media.[11]
This unique,[9] three-dimensional structure, NDT I – mature dancers, NDT II – young dancers, NDT III – senior dancers, residing in its own theater, designed and built by architect Rem Koolhaas in 1987, placed NDT in a totally new category. It has become different from any other dance company in the world, and was recognized as such by being given various prestigious awards.
Further activities
In the recent years Kylián’s creativity is focused on film,[7] video and photography. The films “Carmen”, “Schwarzfahrer”, “Between Entrance and Exit”, “Scalamare” and the photo installation “Free fall” were all created in collaboration with his lifelong partner and muse Sabine Kupferberg.
In 1988 Kylián established the Kylian Foundation in The Hague (originally named as “Kylián Choreographic Archive”). In 2008 the Kylian Production BV was set up in the Netherlands and in 2017 Kylián Fund Prague was founded in the Czech Republic.[12]
2000 Arch Angel Award, Edinburgh International Festival [4]
2000 Honorary Doctorate, Music Academy of Prague[15]
2000 Three „Nijinsky award“, Monte Carlo; in the following categories: as choreographer, for choreography, for company (for unique structure of NDT: NDT I, NDT II, NDT III) [9]
2001 Commandeur de l’Ordre des Arts et des Lettres, Paris [17]
2005 Knights Cross from the President Kwasniewski of Poland
2006 Jiří Kylián Ring - an award in a form of a ring,[9] which the new recipient can pass on to any artist in the ‘Dance Field’. The recipients will receive a sum of €5.000 provided by the Kylian Foundation (2006)
2006 Premio Dansa Valencia
2006 Thalia Award – College Special Award (Czech Republic) [18]
2007 Silver Medal of the City of Prague
2008 Golden Lion for Lifetime Achievement, Biennale Venezia [2]
2008 Highest cultural award for ‘Art and Science’ of the order of Oranje Nassau by Queen Beatrix
2011 Award for exceptional achievement in the field of Dance and Choreography, Czech Ministry of Culture, Prague [19]
2011 Golden Prague Award for the film Mémoires d’Oubliettes, Prague
2013 Dvořák Award, Prague
2015 László Seregy Award, Budapest
2015 Jovan Cirilov Award, Belgrade
2016 Czechoslovak Society of Arts and Sciences Award
2017 Honorary Citizenship of the city of The Hague [20]
2017 Premio Positano alla Carriera Lifetime Achievement Award, Positano
2018 Honorary Citizenship of the city of Prague
2018 Chevalier de la Légion d'Honneur, Member of Institute Français, Académie des Beaux Arts, Paris [10]
2019 Benois de la Danse Lifetime Achievement Award, Moscow
2019 Golden Prague Lifetime Achievement Award, Prague
Isabelle Lanzová, Dorota Gremlicová, Elvíra Němečková, Roman Vašek: Různé břehy / Choreograf Jiří Kylián mezi Haagem a Prahou, issued by Institut umění – Divadelní ústav (IDU) v Praze (2011), Prague, Czech Rep., ISBN978-80-7008-267-6
Raimon Àvila: Jiři Kylián : somniador de danses, Barcelona : Institut del Teatre de la Diputació de Barcelona, Spain, 2003, ISBN978-84-7794-960-2
Dana Paseková: Jiří Kylián, NAMU 2001, issued by Akademie múzických umění v Praze, Praha, Czech Rep., 2001, ISBN978-80-85883-77-0
Jiří Hlaváč: Jiří Kylián, Doctor Honoris Causa, issued by Akademie múzických umění v Praze, Czech Rep., 15.12.2000, ISBN978-80-85883-62-6
Marie-Noël Rio: Bon qu'à ça, Les Éditions du Sonneur, Paris, 2016 (translated into Czech by Michal Lázňovský sen., issued by National Theatre in Prague in 2019 under name Budižkněčemu)
References
↑"Jiri Kylian," Almanac of Famous People (2011) Gale Biography In Context
↑ 15.015.115.215.3Česká divadelní encyklopedie (Czech Theater Encyclopedia). "Encyklopedie IDU". Česká divadelní encyklopedie. Institut umění - Divadelní ústav. Retrieved 20 August 2019.
