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Jingū taima

Jingū taima
An example of Jingū taima
Votive talismans designed for the home
Ofuda [en], and Jingū taima when from Ise Grand Shrine
Votive paper slips applied to the gates of shrines
Senjafuda [en]
Amulets sold at shrines for luck and protection
Omamori
Wooden plaques representing prayers and wishes
Ema [en]
Paper fortunes received by making a small offering
O-mikuji [en]
Stamps collected at shrines
Shuin


Jingū Taima (神宮大麻, Jingū Taima or Jingū Ōnusa[1]) is a kind of ofuda [en][2] made by Ise Grand Shrine.[2] The Association of Shinto Shrines says every family have at least three Ofuda in their Kamidana, a Jingu Taima, an Ujigami ofuda, and at least one deity you choose.[3][4][5][6][7]

People pray with their Jingu Taima daily and give offerings of rice, salt, water, and/or sake to the kami.[4][8] They do the same thing they do at shrines: two bows, two claps, one bow, but they sometimes say a longer prayer.[9][10]

Jingu Taima used to be purification wands (祓串, haraegushi) that wandering priests from Ise called oshi or onshi (御師) gave to people across Japan. They were called Oharai Taima (御祓大麻) and kept in paper and called called kenharai (剣祓) (also kenbarai),[11] because the paper looked like a sword blade (剣, ken) – or in boxes called oharaibako (御祓箱). [11] In 1777 around 90% of Japanese people had one.[11][2][12][13]

Different types of Jingū Taima (upper row) and other talismans distributed in the Inner Shrine (Naikū) of Ise. From left: Kaikō taima (海幸大麻) (a kind of kifuda for luck in fishing), kenharai (剣祓), kakuharai (角祓), and daikakuharai (大角祓) (a larger version of kakuharai).
Various possible ways of arranging ofuda (shinsatsu) in a Shinto altar




Mamori-Harai at the Inner Shrine of Ise Jingu.
Ancient card storage near the entrance to the Imperial Grand Shrine at Ise Grand Shrine

References

  1. ↑ 大野由之 2014.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Nakanishi, Masayuki. "Jingū taima". Encyclopedia of Shinto. Kokugakuin University. Archived from the original on 2022-07-28. Retrieved 2022-07-28.
  3. ↑ "神棚のまつり方". Jinja no Hiroba. Archived from the original on 2020-04-28. Retrieved 2020-05-23.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 "Household-shrine". Wagokoro. Archived from the original on 2020-07-15. Retrieved 2020-05-23.
  5. ↑ "Ofuda (talisman)". Green Shinto. 30 July 2011. Archived from the original on 2020-05-29. Retrieved 2020-05-24.
  6. ↑ "お神札（ふだ）のまつり方 (Ofuda no matsurikata)". Association of Shinto Shrines (Jinja Honchō). Archived from the original on 2020-05-21. Retrieved 2020-05-23.
  7. ↑ "お神札・神棚について". Tokyo Jinjachō (in Japanese). Archived from the original on 2020-04-27. Retrieved 2020-05-23.
  8. ↑ Toyozaki, Yōko (2007). 「日本の衣食住」まるごと事典 (Who Invented Natto?). IBC Publishing. pp. 59–61. ISBN 9784896846409. Archived from the original on 2022-05-05. Retrieved 2022-05-05.
  9. ↑ "神棚と神拝作法について教えて下さい。". 武蔵御嶽神社 (Musashi Mitake Jinja) (in Japanese). Archived from the original on 2020-09-26. Retrieved 2020-05-24.
  10. ↑ "神棚の祀り方と参拝方法". 熊野ワールド【神々の宿る熊野の榊】 (in Japanese). Archived from the original on 2019-10-29. Retrieved 2020-05-24.
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 11.2 Breen, John (2010). "Resurrecting the Sacred Land of Japan: The State of Shinto in the Twenty-First Century" (PDF). Japanese Journal of Religious Studies. 37 (2). Nanzan Institute for Religion and Culture: 295–315. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2022-05-05. Retrieved 2022-05-05.
  12. ↑ "神宮大麻と神宮暦 (Jingū taima to Jingu-reki)". Ise Jingu Official Website (in Japanese). Archived from the original on 2020-10-10. Retrieved 2020-05-23.
  13. ↑ "第１４章 神宮大麻・暦". Fukushima Jinjachō Official Website (in Japanese). Fukushima Jinjachō. Archived from the original on 2018-06-15. Retrieved 2020-05-23.

Sources

  • 寺本慧達編 (1930). [[[:Template:NDLDC]] 神宮大麻調査文献]. 東林書房. {{cite book}}: Check |url= value (help)
  • 当山春三 (1916). [[[:Template:NDLDC]] 神宮大麻と国民性]. 神宮奉斎会本部. {{cite book}}: Check |url= value (help)
  • 西川順土 (1988). 近代の神宮. 神宮教養叢書第9. 神宮司庁.
  • 三好和義 (2003). 伊勢神宮. 日本の古社. 岡野弘彦ほか. 淡交社. ISBN 978-4473031082.
  • 足立康 (May 1926). "伊勢の御師の活動". 神社協会雑誌. 25 (5): 4–12.
  • 大野由之 (March 2014). "Jingū no Taima ni Tsuite: Tanjō no Haikei to Seishitsu no Sōkan" 神宮の大麻について : 誕生の背景と性質の相関 [About Jingū Taima: How It Came to Be and How Its Qualities Interrelate]. Kōgakkan Shintō Kenkyūjo Kiyō. 30: 187–230.
  • 松平乘昌 (2008). 図説 伊勢神宮. 河出書房新社. ISBN 978-4309761176.

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