Jammu and Kashmir (state)

This article is about the former state. For union territory, see Jammu and Kashmir (union territory). For the former princely state, see Jammu and Kashmir (princely state).
Jammu and Kashmir
Former state[broken anchor]
1954–2019
Flag of Jammu and Kashmir
Flag
Emblem of Jammu and Kashmir
Emblem

Map of Jammu and Kashmir
CapitalSrinagar (May-October)
Jammu (November-April)[1]
Area
 • Coordinates33°27′N 76°14′E / 33.45°N 76.24°E / 33.45; 76.24
History
Government
Governor 
• 1954–1965 as Sadr-e-Riyasat; 1965–1967
Karan Singh (first)
• 2018–2019[2]
Satya Pal Malik (last)
Chief Minister 
• 1947–1948 as Prime Minister
Mehr Chand Mahajan (first)
• 2016–2018[3]
Mehbooba Mufti (last)
LegislatureJammu and Kashmir Legislature
• Upper house
Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Council (36 seats)
• Lower house
Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly (89 seats)
History 
• Presidential order of 1954 comes into force, established as state of India
14 May 1954
31 October 2019
Political subdivisions22 districts
Preceded by		 Succeeded by
Jammu and Kashmir (princely state)
Jammu and Kashmir (union territory)
Ladakh

Jammu and Kashmir was the northmost state of India. The state covered 138,200 square miles (357,936.4 km2) and is mostly in the Himalayan mountains. Jammu and Kashmir used to be a British protectorate in 1860. Jammu and Kashmir borderd the states of Himachal Pradesh and Punjab to the south-east and south respectively. The other parts of state are administered by Pakistan as Azad Jammu and Kashmir and Gilgit-Baltistan.

Jammu and Kashmir has been a subject of dispute between India and Pakistan since 1947, and China since 1962.

Demographics

Indian-controlled part is shown in blue; Pakistan-controlled part is shown in green; China controlled part is Yellow.

Jammu and Kashmir has a Muslim majority population. Though Islam is practiced by about 88% of the population of the state and by 97% of the population of the Kashmir Valley,[4] the state has large communities of Sikhs, Hindus (inclusive of Meghwal).[5]

Religion in the Indian part of Kashmir
Percent
Islam
 
 88%
Hinduism
 
 7.07%
Sikhism
 
 5.08%
Buddhism
 
 1.07%
Others†
 
 0.68%
Distribution of religions
† Includes Christians and Jains.

Jammu and Kashmir consisted of three divisions: Jammu region, Kashmir Valley, and the Ladakh region. Srinagar is the summer capital, and Jammu its winter capital. The Kashmir valley, often called paradise on Earth,[6] is famous for its beautiful mountainous landscape. Jammu's numerous holy shrines attracts millions of Hindu pilgrims every year from all over the India. Ladakh, also known as "Little Tibet", is renowned for its remote mountain beauty and Buddhist culture.

References

  1. ↑ Desk, The Hindu Net (8 May 2017). "What is the Darbar Move in J&K all about?". The Hindu. Archived from the original on 10 November 2017. Retrieved 23 February 2019. {{cite news}}: |last= has generic name (help)
  2. ↑ "Satya Pal Malik sworn in as Jammu and Kashmir governor". The Economic Times. Press Trust of India. 23 August 2018. Archived from the original on 23 August 2018. Retrieved 31 August 2018.
  3. ↑ "BJP-PDP alliance ends in Jammu and Kashmir LIVE updates: Mehbooba Mufti resigns as chief minister; Governor's Rule in state". Firstpost. 19 June 2018. Retrieved 19 June 2018.
  4. ↑ Calculated from the 2001 Census India District Profiles
  5. ↑ 2001 Census India: Data by Religious Communities
  6. ↑ "Paradise on Earth - October 4, 2007 - The New York Sun". Archived from the original on October 9, 2007. Retrieved June 13, 2008.

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