Barrios was in charge of the trial of Efraín Ríos Montt, who ruled Guatemala with total authority.[2] This trial was the first time a national court tried a former leader of a country for genocide.[6][7] That trial decided that Montt was responsible for committing the crime of genocide against Ixil Mayans. The trial finished in 2013.[8]
However, on May 20th, 2013, the Constitutional Court of Guatemala decided that the decision was wrong and changed the decision. It ordered the trial to start again, because of a disagreement over the judges. Officials said that Ríos Montt's trial will start again in January 2015.[9][1]
In April 2014, Barrios' authority as a judge was suspended for a year. This was because of a complaint against her by a lawyer who had a part in the trial of Efrain Rios Montt.[3]