Helmand River
Map of the Helmand River drainage basin
Map of the Helmand River drainage basin
Location
Physical characteristics
Source
- location	Hindu Kush mountains
Mouth
- location	Lake Hamun
Length	1,150 km (710 mi)
Basin size	Sistan Basin
Basin features
Tributaries
- left	Arghandab River
- right	Khash River Chagay River

The Helmand River (also spelled Helmend, Helmund, Hirmand; Pashto/Persian: هیرمند, هلمند Hīrmand, Helmand, Greek: Ἐτύμανδρος (Etýmandros), Latin: Erymandrus) is the longest river in Afghanistan.^[1] The name means "dammed, having a dam". Helmand Province is named after the river.

The Helmand river stretches for 1,150 km (710 mi). It rises in the Hindu Kush mountains, about 80 km (50 mi) west of Kabul (34°34′N 68°33′E / 34.567°N 68.550°E / 34.567; 68.550), passing north of the Unai Pass. It crosses south-west through the desert of Dashti Margo, to the Seistan marshes and the Hamun-i-Helmand lake region around Zabol at the Afghan-Iranian border (31°9′N 61°33′E / 31.150°N 61.550°E / 31.150; 61.550).

• Various authors. "HELMAND RIVER". Encyclopædia Iranica (Online ed.). United States: Columbia University.^{[permanent dead link]}
• Frye, Richard N. (1963). The Heritage of Persia. World Publishing company, Cleveland, Ohio. Mentor Book edition, 1966.
• Toynbee, Arnold J. (1961). Between Oxus and Jumna. London. Oxford University Press.
• Vogelsang, W. (1985). "Early historical Arachosia in South-east Afghanistan; Meeting-place between East and West." Iranica antiqua, 20 (1985), pp. 55–99.

This short article about Asia can be made longer. You can help Wikipedia by adding to it.