French Fifth Republic

French Republic
République française
Motto: "Liberté, Égalité, Fraternité" (French)
"Liberty, Equality, Fraternity"
Anthem: "La Marseillaise"
Location of  metropolitan France  (dark green) – on the European continent  (green & dark grey) – in the European Union  (green)
Location of  metropolitan France  (dark green)

– on the European continent  (green & dark grey)
– in the European Union  (green)

Capital
and largest city
Paris
48°51.4′N 2°21.05′E / 48.8567°N 2.35083°E / 48.8567; 2.35083
Official language
and national language		French[upper-roman 1]
GovernmentUnitary semi-presidential constitutional republic
• President
Emmanuel Macron
Élisabeth Borne
LegislatureParliament
• Upper house
Senate
• Lower house
National Assembly
Establishment
4 October 1958 (66 years)
Currency
Date formatdd/mm/yyyy (AD)
Calling code+33[upper-roman 2]
ISO 3166 codeFR
Internet TLD.fr[upper-roman 3]

The Fifth Republic (French: Cinquième République), France's current republican system of government, was created by Charles de Gaulle under the Constitution of the Fifth Republic on 4 October 1958.[1]

The Fifth Republic was created after the collapse of the Fourth Republic, replacing the former parliamentary republic with a semi-presidential (or dual-executive) system[2] that split powers between a prime minister as head of government and a president as head of state.[3]

Notes

  1. ↑ For information about regional languages see Languages of France.
  2. ↑ The overseas regions and collectivities form part of the French telephone numbering plan, but have their own country calling codes: Guadeloupe +590; Martinique +596; French Guiana +594, Réunion and Mayotte +262; Saint Pierre and Miquelon +508. The overseas territories are not part of the French telephone numbering plan; their country calling codes are: New Caledonia +687, French Polynesia +689; Wallis and Futuna +681.
  3. ↑ In addition to .fr, several other Internet TLDs are used in French overseas départements and territories: .re, .mq, .gp, .tf, .nc, .pf, .wf, .pm, .gf and .yt. France also uses .eu, shared with other members of the European Union. The .cat domain is used in Catalan-speaking territories.

References

  1. ↑ "Important dérogation transitoire aux dispositions de l'article 90 de la Constitution" (in French). LegiFrance. Archived from the original on 2011-12-07. Retrieved 2020-12-06..
  2. ↑ Lessig, lawernvnce (1993). "The Path of the Presidency". East European Constitutional Review. Fall 1993 / Winter 1994 (2/3): 104 – via Chicago Unbound, University of Chicago Law School.
  3. ↑ Richburg, Keith B. (25 September 2000). "French President's Term Cut to Five Years". The Washington Post. Retrieved 25 February 2017.