Epinephelus

Epinephelus; Temporal range: Late Miocene to recent PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N
	Epinephelus fasciatus, the type species
	Epinephelus tukula
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Actinopterygii
Order:	Perciformes
Family:	Serranidae
Subfamily:	Epinephelinae
Tribe:	Epinephelini
Genus:	Epinephelus; Bloch, 1793
Type species
	Epinephelus marginalis; Bloch, 1793
Species
	see text
Synonyms
	Altiserranus Whitley, 1947; Cerna Bonaparte, 1833; Cernua [Costa, 1849; Cynichthys Swainson, 1839; Enneistus D.S. Jordan & Evermann, 1896; Garrupa D.S. Jordan, 1890; Homalogrystes Alleyne & Macleay, 1877; Hyposerranus Klunzinger, 1884; Itaiara Vaillant & Bocourt, 1878; Labroperca Gill, 1862; Merou Bonaparte (ex Cuvier), 1831; Merus Poey (ex Cuvier), 1871; Phrynotitan Gill, 1885; Priacanthichthys Day, 1868; Promicrops Poey (ex Gill), 1868; Stereolepoides Fowler, 1923;

Epinephelus is a genus of groupers from the family Serranidae found in tropical and subtropical areas.

Species

There are 89 species:

Epinephelus adscensionis (Osbeck, 1765)
Epinephelus aeneus (É. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1817) (white grouper)
Epinephelus akaara (Temminck & Schlegel, 1843) (Hong Kong grouper)
Epinephelus albomarginatus Boulenger, 1903 (white-edged grouper)
Epinephelus amblycephalus (Bleeker, 1857) (banded grouper)
Epinephelus analogus T. N. Gill, 1863 (spotted grouper)
Epinephelus andersoni Boulenger, 1903 (cat-face grouper)
Epinephelus areolatus (Forsskål, 1775) (areolate grouper)
Epinephelus awoara (Temminck & Schlegel, 1843)(yellow grouper)
Epinephelus bilobatus J. E. Randall & G. R. Allen, 1987(twin-spot grouper)
Epinephelus bleekeri (Vaillant, 1878) (dusky-tail grouper)
Epinephelus bontoides (Bleeker, 1855) (pale-margin grouper)
Epinephelus bruneus Bloch, 1793 (long-tooth grouper)
Epinephelus caninus (Valenciennes, 1843) (dog-tooth grouper)
Epinephelus chabaudi (Castelnau, 1861) (moustache grouper)
Epinephelus chlorocephalus (Valenciennes, 1830)(Tonga grouper)
Epinephelus chlorostigma (Valenciennes, 1828)(brown-spotted grouper)
Epinephelus cifuentesi Lavenberg & Grove, 1993 (Olive grouper)
Epinephelus clippertonensis G. R. Allen & D. R. Robertson, 1999
Epinephelus coeruleopunctatus (Bloch, 1790) (white-spotted grouper)
Epinephelus coioides (F. Hamilton, 1822) (orange-spotted grouper)
Epinephelus corallicola (Valenciennes, 1828) (coral grouper)
Epinephelus costae (Steindachner, 1878) (gold-blotch grouper)
Epinephelus craigi Frable, Tucker & Walker, 2018
Epinephelus cyanopodus (J. Richardson, 1846)(speckled blue grouper)
Epinephelus daemelii (Günther, 1876) (saddle-tail grouper)
Epinephelus darwinensis J. E. Randall & Heemstra, 1991 (Darwin grouper)
Epinephelus diacanthus (Valenciennes, 1828) (spiny-cheek grouper)
Epinephelus drummondhayi Goode & T. H. Bean, 1878
Epinephelus epistictus (Temminck & Schlegel, 1843)(dotted grouper)
Epinephelus erythrurus (Valenciennes, 1828) (cloudy grouper)
Epinephelus fasciatomaculosus (W. K. H. Peters, 1865) (rock grouper)
Epinephelus fasciatus (Forsskål, 1775) (blacktip grouper)
Epinephelus faveatus (Valenciennes, 1828) (barred-chest grouper)
Epinephelus flavocaeruleus (Lacépède, 1802) (blue-and-yellow grouper)
Epinephelus fuscoguttatus (Forsskål, 1775) (brown-marbled grouper)
Epinephelus fuscomarginatus Johnson & Worthington Wilmer, 2019
Epinephelus gabriellae J. E. Randall & Heemstra, 1991(multispotted grouper)
Epinephelus geoffroyi (Klunzinger, 1870) (Red Sea spotted grouper)
Epinephelus goreensis (Valenciennes, 1830) (Dungat grouper)
Epinephelus guttatus (Linnaeus, 1758) (red hind)
Epinephelus heniochus Fowler, 1904 (Bridled grouper)
Epinephelus hexagonatus (Bloch & J. G. Schneider, 1801) (star-spotted grouper)
Epinephelus howlandi (Günther, 1873) (black-saddle grouper)
Epinephelus indistinctus J. E. Randall & Heemstra, 1991(Somali grouper)
Epinephelus irroratus (Forster, 1801) (Marquesan grouper)
Epinephelus itajara (Lichtenstein, 1822) (Atlantic goliath grouper)
Epinephelus kupangensis Tucker, Kurniasih & Craig, 2016
Epinephelus labriformis (L. Jenyns, 1840) (starry grouper)
Epinephelus lanceolatus (Bloch, 1790) (giant grouper)
Epinephelus latifasciatus (Temminck & Schlegel, 1843)(striped grouper)
Epinephelus lebretonianus (Hombron & Jacquinot, 1853) (mystery grouper)
Epinephelus longispinis (Kner, 1864) (long-spine grouper)
Epinephelus macrospilos (Bleeker, 1855) (snub-nose grouper)
Epinephelus maculatus (Bloch, 1790) (high-fin grouper)
Epinephelus magniscuttis Postel, Fourmanoir & Guézé, 1963 (speckled grouper)
Epinephelus malabaricus (Bloch & J. G. Schneider, 1801) (Malabar grouper)
Epinephelus marginatus (R. T. Lowe, 1834) (dusky grouper)
Epinephelus melanostigma Schultz, 1953 (one-blotch grouper)
Epinephelus merra Bloch, 1793 (honeycomb grouper)
Epinephelus miliaris (Valenciennes, 1830) (net-fin grouper)
Epinephelus morio (Valenciennes, 1828) (red grouper)
Epinephelus morrhua (Valenciennes, 1833) (comet grouper)
Epinephelus multinotatus (W. K. H. Peters, 1876)(white-blotched grouper)
Epinephelus ongus (Bloch, 1790) (white-streaked grouper)
Epinephelus poecilonotus (Temminck & Schlegel, 1843)(dot-dash grouper)
Epinephelus polylepis J. E. Randall & Heemstra, 1991(small-scaled grouper)
Epinephelus polyphekadion (Bleeker, 1849)(camouflage grouper)
Epinephelus polystigma (Bleeker, 1853) (white-dotted grouper)
Epinephelus posteli Fourmanoir & Crosnier, 1964 (stripefin grouper)
Epinephelus quinquefasciatus (Bocourt, 1868) (Pacific goliath grouper)
Epinephelus quoyanus (Valenciennes, 1830) (long-fin grouper)
Epinephelus radiatus (F. Day, 1868) (oblique-banded grouper)
Epinephelus retouti Bleeker, 1868 (red-tipped grouper)
Epinephelus rivulatus (Valenciennes, 1830) (halfmoon grouper)
Epinephelus sexfasciatus (Valenciennes, 1828) (six-bar grouper)
Epinephelus socialis (Günther, 1873) (surge grouper)
Epinephelus spilotoceps Schultz, 1953 (four-saddle grouper)
Epinephelus stictus J. E. Randall & G. R. Allen, 1987(black-dotted grouper)
Epinephelus stoliczkae (F. Day, 1875) (epaulet grouper)
Epinephelus striatus (Bloch, 1792) (Nassau grouper)
Epinephelus suborbitalis Amaoka & J. E. Randall, 1990(seamount grouper)
Epinephelus summana (Forsskål, 1775) (Summan grouper)
Epinephelus tankahkeei Wu, Qu, Lin, Tang & Ding 2020
Epinephelus tauvina (Forsskål, 1775) (greasy grouper)
Epinephelus timorensis J. E. Randall & G. R. Allen, 1987 (yellow-spotted grouper)
Epinephelus trimaculatus (Valenciennes, 1828) (three-spot grouper)
Epinephelus trophis J. E. Randall & G. R. Allen, 1987(plump grouper)
Epinephelus tuamotuensis Fourmanoir, 1971(reticulated grouper)
Epinephelus tukula Morgans, 1959 (potato grouper)
Epinephelus undulatostriatus (W. K. H. Peters, 1867) (Maori grouper)
Epinephelus undulosus (Quoy & Gaimard, 1824) (wavy-lined grouper)

Their home

These fish are commonly found in coral reefs, but some reside in deep waters.

Related pages

Goliath grouper – a term used for two species of Epinephelus

References

Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.). "Species of Epinephelus". FishBase. June 2016 version.

↑ Eschmeyer, W. N.; Fricke, R. & van der Laan, R. (eds.). "Epinephelus". Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 22 June 2020.
↑ Fricke, Ron; Eschmeyer, William N. & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Genera in the family Epinephelinae". Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 22 June 2020.

[CofFG-1] Eschmeyer, W. N.; Fricke, R. & van der Laan, R. (eds.). "Epinephelus". Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 22 June 2020.

[Coffs-2] Fricke, Ron; Eschmeyer, William N. & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Genera in the family Epinephelinae". Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 22 June 2020.

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