1546 (MDXLVI) was a common year starting on Friday of the Julian calendar, the 1546th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 546th year of the 2nd millennium, the 46th year of the 16th century, and the 7th year of the 1540s decade. As of the start of 1546, the Gregorian calendar was 10 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which was the dominant calendar of the time.

• The Anglo-French War ends
• The Book of Apocrypha is added in the Roman Catholic church

• December 14 – Tycho Brahe, Danish astronomer (d. 1601)
• date unknown
  • Thomas Digges, English astronomer (d. 1595)

• February 18 – Martin Luther, German religious reformer (b. 1483)