1536 (MDXXXVI) was a leap year starting on Saturday of the Julian calendar, the 1536th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 536th year of the 2nd millennium, the 36th year of the 16th century, and the 7th year of the 1530s decade. As of the start of 1536, the Gregorian calendar was 10 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which was the dominant calendar of the time.

• February 2 – Spaniard Pedro de Mendoza founds Buenos Aires, Argentina.
• February 25 – Jacob Hutter burned in a stake for heresy
• May 19 – Execution of Anne Boleyn
• May 30 – Henry VIII of England marries Jane Seymour
• October 13 – The Pilgrimage of Grace, a rebellion in York, is "resolved" by Robert Aske
• October 29 – Coronation of Jane Seymour as the Queen of England
• Various religious buildings are closed as part of Henry VIII's dissolution of the monasteries, including
• Basingwerk Abbey
• Bourne Abbey
• Brinkburn Priory
• Cartmel Priory
• Dore Abbey and
• The Cistercian Abbey of St Mary and St Chad
• Wales is united with England by an Act of Union
• Manco Capac II revolts from Spanish rule in Peru
• Resumption of war between Francis I of France and Emperor Charles V. Francis ceases control of Savoy and captures Turin.
• Protestantism introduced in Denmark
• Portuguese Crown divides Brazil into fifteen donatory captaincies.

• January 7 – Catherine of Aragon, first wife of Henry VIII of England.
• May 19 – Anne Boleyn, second wife of Henry VIII of England.
• Pargalı İbrahim Pasha Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire.