Tvrđava Teočak

Tvrđava Teočak je utvrđenje na području opštine Teočak, Bosna i Hercegovina

Historija

U srednjem vijeku područje župe Soli (Tuzla) je naizmjenično bilo u sastavu Ugarske, Bosne i Srbije. Kada su se prvi put pomenuli u srednjem vijeku ovi krajevi bili su dio Srbije. Držao ih je srpski kralj Dragutin od 1284. godine, a njega nasleđuju njegovi sinovi: Vladislav i Uroš. Pravoslavni ruski plemić Rotislav Mihailovič, zet mađarskog kralja Bele, vlada ovim krajevima od 1255-1264. godine.

Teočak se u istorijskim izvorima prvi put spominje oko 1432. godine upravo u vezi sa srpskim despotom Đurađem Brankovićem (1427-1456), kada ga on preuzima od Mađara (kada je dobio pravo da upravlja nad zapadnim Podrinjem) i vrši u njemu dograđivanja. Tom prilikom, vjerovatno sasvim malo utvrđenje prerasta u utvrđeni grad Teočak. Po obliku trougaone osnove podsjeća na Smederevo. Tadaje podignuta i crkva u Teočaku (kasnije pretvorena u džamiju, i danas postoji – po nekim podacima najstarija džamija u BiH), u kojoj su neko vrijeme bile smještene mošti Sv. Jevanđeliste Luke. Poslije pada Bosne 1463. godine, Mađari su držali Teočak do 1521. kada su i njega zajedno sa Srebrenikom (Srebrenička banovina) zauzeli Turci.

Jedno vrijeme Teočak je bio glavni grad novoproklamovanog kralja. Naime, Ugarska je za “kralja Bosne” imenovala uglednog mađarskog velikaša Nikolu od 1472-1477. Turci su imenovali Matiju Vojsalića za “kralja Bosne” i držali ga s tom titulom samo 1476. godine.

Legenda kaže i da je građena istovremeno kada i tvrđava u Zvorniku i da je kamen do Zvornika prenošen rukama. Pretpostavlja se da je tadašnja tvrđava imala trougaonu osnovu, po ugledu na tvrđavu Smederevo. Danas je ostala samo jedna kula. Prije rata 1992-1995 tvrđava je bila spomenik pod zaštitom države..

Literatura

Hamdija Kreševljaković, "Naše starine" I, Sarajevo, 1953, 7-45 -Stari bosanski gradovi,
Desanka Kovačević-Kojić, Sarajevo, 1978 -Gradska naselja srednjovjekovne bosanske države

Reference

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