Semiramidini viseći vrtovi

Ostaci visećih vrtova u Vavilonu nalaze se na istočnoj obali reke Eufrat, na oko 50 km južno od Bagdada, u Iraku. Istorija svedoči da je Vavilonsko carstvo cvetalo u vreme vladavine čuvenog kralja Hamurabija (1792. - 1750. pne.) Ipak, smatra se da su legendarni viseći vrtovi izgrađeni za vreme vladavine njegovog potomka Nabukodonosora II (604. - 562. pne.) i to po želji njegove supruge Amitis koja je bila "dovedena iz Medije i naročito volela planinski pejsaž".

Detaljni opisi visećih vrtova pronađeni su u delima grčkih istoričara Berosa i Diodora. U tablicama iz vremena Nabukodonosora, međutim, ni na jednom mestu se ne pominje postojanje visećih vrtova, iako se mogu naći opisi njegove palate i samog grada Vavilona. Sve do 20. veka mnoge misterije vezane za viseće vrtove nisu bile otkrivene - čak se i danas arheolozi bore da prikupe dovoljno dokaza pre nego izvedu konačne zaključke o tačnoj lokaciji vrtova, njihovom sistemu navodnjavanja i njihovom stvarnom izgledu. Neki noviji podaci ukazuju čak i da je vrtove sagradio drugi vladar - Senaherib, i to oko 1000 godina ranije nego što se do sada smatralo.

Detaljne opise vrtova iznose i poznati starogrčki pisci tog doba - Strabo i Filo vizantijski. Evo izvoda iz njihovih dela: "Vrtovi su oblika kvadrata stranice dužine oko četiri pletre (stara mera za dužinu, prim. prev.) Sačinjavaju ih lučni svodovi koji se uzdižu nad popločanim osnovama, a terase su izgrađene stepenasto, jedna nad drugom pod različitim uglovima..."; "U vrtovima se uzgajaju egzotične biljke posađene na same terase, poduprte kamenim stubovima... Potoci vode teku s visina i spuštaju se u slapovima do tla... Oni navodnjavaju sve vrtove, natapajući korenje biljaka i čineći ceo predeo vlažnim i sparnim. Tako je trava stalno zelena, a drveće buja... Ovo umetničko delo kraljevskog luksuza odaje utisak prirodnosti, jer se uticaj čoveka u održavanju ovih vrtova nikada ne vidi."

Novijim arheološkim istraživanjima drevnog grada Vavilona u Iraku otkriveni su temelji kraljevske palate, ostaci lučnih slivanja i odličan sistem navodnjavanja u južnom delu palate, kao i masivni zidovi debljine 25 metara za koje se pretpostavlja da su ostaci samih terasa.

Izvori

Preuzeto sa internet prezentacije http://www.zvrk.co.yu Arhivirano 2009-02-26 na Wayback Machine-u

Vanjske veze

Semiramidini viseći vrtovi na Wikimedijinoj ostavi

Sedam svetski čuda: Viseći vrtovi Vavilona Arhivirano 2005-09-05 na Wayback Machine-u
Viseći vrtovi Vavilona su možda bili u Ninivi Arhivirano 2006-03-14 na Wayback Machine-u
Tehnologija i kultura Volume 44, Number 1, January 2003 Arhivirano 2006-04-04 na Wayback Machine-u Dalley, Stephanie. Oleson, John Peter. "Sennacherib, Archimedes, and the Water Screw: The Context of Invention in the Ancient World"

p r u Sedam svjetskih čuda
Sedam drevnih čuda	Keopsova piramida u Gizi • Viseći vrtovi Babilona • Zeusov kip u Olimpiji • Artemidin hram u Efezu • Mauzolej u Halikarnasu • Kolos s otoka Roda • Aleksandrijski svjetionik
Sedam novih čuda	Kineski zid • Koloseum • Tadž Mahal • Machu Picchu • Kip Krista Iskupitelja • Petra • Chichén Itzá

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