Malabarska obala

Malabarska obala
Karta Indije sa pozicijom Malabarske obale
Karta Indije sa pozicijom Malabarske obale
Karta Indije sa pozicijom Malabarske obale
Država  Indija
Savezna država Kerala, Karnataka

Malabarska obala je toponim koji se dugo koristio za jugozapadnu obalu Indije.[1]

Geografske karakteristike

Prostire se otprilike od države Goe prema jugu, sa istoka joj je granica planinski masiv Zapadni Gati. Toponim se svojevremeno koristio za cijelu zapadnu obalu Indijskog podkontinenta. Danas se odnosi na veći dio Savezne države Kerala i obalno područje Države Karnataka.[1]

Obala se sastoji od kontinuiranog pojasa pješčanih dina, iza kojih se nižu paralelno sa obalom brojne lagune. One su međusobno povezane kanalima i tako formiraju mrežu unutarašnjih plovnih putove, kojima mogu ploviti brodovi plićeg gaza. Unutrašnjost je aluvijalna ravnica, dobro navodnjavana vodotocima koji se spuštaju sa planina Zapadnih Ghata. Po njoj se uglavnom uzgajaju začini i riža. Važan izvor prihoda je ribarstvo i šume samoniklih kokosovih palmi uz pojas dina. [1]

Najveći grad i glavna luka je Kochi (Cochin).[1]

Historija

Velik dio Malabarske obale pripadao je drevnom kraljevstvu Keralaputra kojim je vladala tamilska dinastija Kera).

Do Malabarske obale prvi su krajem 15. vijeka doplovili Portugalci. Oni su podigli nekoliko svojih feitoria (trgovačkih stanica), slijedili su ih Nizozemci (17. vijek) i Francuzi (18. vijek). Britanci su stekli kontrolu nad regijom krajem 18. vijeka [1]

Izvori

  1. ↑ 1,0 1,1 1,2 1,3 1,4 „Malabar Coast region, India” (engleski). Encyclopædia Britannica. Pristupljeno 19.03.2024. 

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