Kombolča

Kombolča
Koordinate: 11°4′N 39°44′E / 11.067°N 39.733°E / 11.067; 39.733
Država  ETI
Visina 1,842
Stanovništvo (2005.)
 - Grad 68,766
Karta
Kombolča na mapi Etiopije
Kombolča
Kombolča

Kombolča (engleski: Kombolcha) je grad i woreda u središnjoj Etiopiji, na magistralnoj cesti Adis Abeba - Asmara u zoni Debub Volo u Regiji Amhara.

Geografske karakteristike

Grad leži na Etiopskoj visoravni na nadmorskoj visini od 1842 do 1915 m. Od Adis Abebe udaljen je oko 220 km. u pravcu sjeveroistoka. Kombolča dijeli s obližnjim gradom Dese (13 km) Aerodrom Kombolča (ICAO kod HADC, IATA DSE). Kombolča je industrijski grad, u gradu djeluje Čeličana Kombolča i Tvornica tekstila (KTF) od 9. marta 2009 koja svoje proizvode izvozi u Italiju, Švedsku, Belgiju i Kinu.[1]

Historija

Najnovija arheološka iskapanja pored grada otkrila su "ostatke kršćanskih naselja sa kraja 1. milenija".[2]

Kad je njemački kršćanski misionar Johann Ludwig Krapf pao u zarobljeništvo oromskog plemena Volo 1843, on je vidio i tadašnju Kombolču, koju je opisao kao selo pored rijeke Borkane.[3]

Kombolča je oživila i dobila na značaju za vrijeme talijanske okupacije, kao sjedište garnizona, dobila je poštu, telefon, zdravstvenu kliniku, spaccio ("trafiku"), kasarnu od baraka i sve ono što treba vojci.[4]

Kombolča je bila sjedište humanitarnih organizacija Ujedinjenih naroda i drugih organizacija za velike gladi 1984 u Etiopiji.

Stanovništvo

Prema podacima Središnje statističke agencije Etiopije za 2005., Kombolča je imala ukupno 68,766 stanovnika, od kojih je 36,102 bilo muškaraca te 32,664 žena. Woreda Kombolča ima 8.66 km², te gustoću od 7,940.60 stanovnika na 1 km².[5]

Tri najveće etničke skupine u Kombolči su Amharci (91.34%), Tigre (5.85%) i Oromci (1.29%), sve ostale etničke skupine tvore ostatak od 0.52% stanovnika. Amharski jezik kao materinski govori 93.02%, Tigrinju kao materinji jezik govori 5.2%, Oromifu govori 1.11%, dok njih 0.67% govori neki drugi etiopski jezik. Najveći broj stanovnika Kombolče su vjernici islama njih 57.42%, vjernici Etiopske tevahedo Crkve su njih 41.71%.[6]

Izvori

  1. ↑ "Factory executing 190 mln birr modernizing project", Walta Information Center (pristupljeno 13. marta 2009.)
  2. ↑ Taddesse Tamrat, Church and State in Ethiopia (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1972), str. 37 n. 4
  3. ↑ Journals of the Rev. Messrs. Isenberg and Krapf, Missionaries of the Church Missionary Society, Detailing their proceedings in the kingdom of Shoa, and journeys in other parts of Abyssinia, in the years 1839, 1840, 1841 and 1842, (London, 1843.), str. 390
  4. ↑ "Local History in Ethiopia" The Nordic Africa Institute website[mrtav link] (pristupljeno 23. marta 2008.)
  5. ↑ CSA 2005 National Statistics Arhivirano 2007-08-13 na Wayback Machine-u, Table B.4
  6. ↑ 1994 Population and Housing Census of Ethiopia: Results for Amhara Region, Vol. 1, part 1, Tables 2.1, 2.7, 2.10, 2.13, 2.17, Annex II.2 (pristupljeno 9. aprila 2009.)

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