Bitka kod Balaklave

Bitka kod Balaklave
Segment Krimski rat

umjetnički prikaz juriša britanske lake konjice
Datum 25.10. 1854.
Lokacija Balaklava, Krim, Rusko Carstvo
Ishod neodlučeno
Sukobljene strane
Francusko Carstvo
Ujedinjeno Kraljevstvo
Osmansko Carstvo 		Rusko Carstvo
Komandanti i vođe
François Certain Canrobert
FitzRoy Somerset, 1. Baron Raglan 		Pavel Liprandi
Snage
~4.500[1] ~25.000[2]
Žrtve i gubici
615 poginulih[3] 627 poginulih [3]

Bitka kod Balaklave (ruski Балаклавское сражение, engleski Battle of Balaclava) odigrala se 25. 10. 1854. u sklopu opsade Sevastopolja, odnosno krimskog rata. Saveznici (Drugo Francusko Carstvo, Osmansko Carstvo, Ujedinjeno Kraljevstvo) su htjeli zauzeti utvrdu Sevastopolj, rusku glavnu pomorsku bazu na Crnom moru. Nakon bitke kod Alme, britanski vojnici su uzeli odmor, što je ruskoj vojsci dalo vremena da se oporave i pripreme odbranu. Saveznici su se odlučili za dugu opsadu Sevastopolja, te su u sklopu te namjere britanski vojnici krenuli prema južnoj luci Balaklavi. Ruski zapovjednik Pavel Liprandi je odlučio napasti britanske vojnike sa oko 25.000 ljudi, nadajući se da će poremetiti britanske linije opskrbe.

Rusko topništvo je napalo prvu linije savezničke odbrane, osmanske vojnike kraj Balaklave. Osmanlije su se povukle, te su ruski vojnici krenuli na drugu liniju odbrane, koju je držao 93. škotski regiment, poznat kao 'tanka crvena linija'. Ova linija je izdržala i odbacila napad, usprkos tome što su britanski vojnici bili brojčano inferiorni i brojali tek negdje oko 4.500 ljudi. Kriva interpretacija zapovjednika Raglana dovela je do toga da su vojnici pomislili da moraju jurišati na ruske položaje. Ovaj trenutak ostao je zapamćen u britanskoj historiji kao juriš lake konjice. Ova laka konjica krenula je u juriš dug dva kilometara, usprkos tome što su ruski topovi pucali po njima.

U popularnoj kulturi

Izvori

  1. ↑ Fletcher & Ishchenko: The Crimean War: A Clash of Empires, str. 158
  2. ↑ Fletcher & Ishchenko: The Crimean War: A Clash of Empires, str. 159–60
  3. ↑ 3,0 3,1 Kinglake: The Invasion of the Crimea, V, str. 350.

Literatura

  • Alexander William Kinglake (1863–87). The Invasion of the Crimea, 8 vols. Edinburgh
  • Fletcher, Ian & Ishchenko, Natalia (2004). The Crimean War: A Clash of Empires. Spellmount Limited. ISBN 1-86227-238-7

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