Чжан-сянь

Чжан-сянь в окружении мальчиков целится в Тяньгоу

Чжан-сянь (кит. 張仙 — «Святой Чжан») или Чжан-гун («господин Чжан», «натягивать лук») — в поздней китайской мифологии божество, дарующее мужское потомство, покровитель маленьких мальчиков. Является врагом злого лунного духа-пса Тяньгоу, защищая младенцев от его козней с помощью своего лука и стрел. Он часто изображается смотрящим на небо, в ожидании появления Тяньгоу[1].

Происхождение образа

С древних времён в Китае был обычай по случаю рождения в семье мальчика вешать лук на левой, считающейся «мужской», створке дверей. Затем, с целью уберечь ребёнка от несчастий, из этого лука пускались стрелы: вверх (по направлению к небу), вниз (по направлению к земле), а также по четырём основным сторонам света. В провинции Сычуань, на основании данного обычая, возник культ Чжан-сяня, откуда, приблизительно с XI столетия, представления о Чжан-сяне распространились по всему Китаю.

Литература

  •  (кит.) Хуан Бо-лу, «Цзи шо цюань чжэнь» («Полный свод преданий»), т. 4, Шанхай, 1885, с. 285—288.

Примечания

  1. ↑  (англ.) M. W. de Visser (1908). «The Tengu». Transactions of the Asiatic Society of Japan 34 (2): pp. 25-99. Z. P. Maruya & Co.

Ссылки

  • С. Р. «Чжан-сянь» // Мифы народов мира: энциклопедия, — М.: Советская энциклопедия, 1992, С. 626.

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