Тепловой резервуар

Тепловой резервуар, резервуар тепловой энергии или тепловая ванна — это термодинамическая система с достаточно большой теплоемкостью, так что когда она находится в тепловом контакте с другой системой, представляющей интерес, или её окружающей средой, её температура остается практически постоянной.[1] Это фактически бесконечный пул тепловой энергии при данной постоянной температуре . Температура резервуара не меняется, когда тепло добавляется или извлекается из бесконечной теплоемкости. Поскольку он может действовать как источник и приемник тепла, его часто также называют тепловым резервуаром или тепловой ванной .

Озера, океаны и реки часто служат тепловыми резервуарами в геофизических процессах для описания погоды. В науке об атмосфере большие воздушные массы в атмосфере часто функционируют как тепловые резервуары.

Статсумма тепловой ванны с температурой имеет свойство

где  — постоянная Больцмана. Таким образом, она изменяется на тот же коэффициент при добавлении определённого количества энергии. Экспоненциальный множитель в этом выражении можно отождествить с обратной величиной больцмановского множителя.

Примечания

  1. ↑ C, Yunus A., Boles Michael A. Thermodynamics: An Engineering Approach (неопр.). — Boston: McGraw-Hill Education, 2002. — С. 247. — ISBN 0-07-121688-X.

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