Раду Негру

Раду Негру на картине Пьера Белле.

Раду Негру (Radu Negru) или Негру Водэ (Negru Vodă) — одна из ключевых фигур румынской истории, румынского и молдавского фольклора. Полулегендарный основатель Валашского княжества, правивший в городе Куртя-де-Арджеш в конце XIII века. Его имя переводится с румынского как «чёрный воевода»[1].

По преданию, впервые зафиксированному в летописи Кантакузенов[2] (XVII век), потомок древне-римских колонистов[3] и подданный Венгерской короны[4] Негру Водэ в 1290 году спустился в нынешнюю Валахию с Карпатских гор, из Марамуреша. С его именем связана легенда о мастере Маноле и основании монастыря в Куртя-де-Арджеш.

В трудах позднейших румынских историков Чёрный воевода отождествлялся или с Басарабом I, или с его отцом Токомерием, а также с Раду I.

В городе Кымпулунг установлен бюст Раду Негру.

См. также

Примечания

  1. ↑ В румынском языке издавна укоренился славянский термин «voievod». Как писал болгарский историк Васил Златарский, «Румынские главари получили болгарское имя „воеводы“, а сами воеводства — болгарское административное и судебное устройство, заодно с болгарским языком в качестве государственного языка, а в церковном отношении приняли духовную власть Тырновского патриарха и славянское богослужение» (История на българската държава през средните векове. Том III. Второ Българско царство. България при Асеневци (1187—1280), София 1940).
  2. ↑ «Letopiseţul Cantacuzinesc».
  3. ↑ «Радул Водэ Негру… от предков, пришедших из Рима во времена Траяна, императора Рима».
  4. ↑ «Negro Voeuoda din natione Ungaro padre di Vlaico» упоминается в письме дипломата Николо Луккари (Nicolo Luccari, 1352 год).

Литература

  • Neagu Djuvara: Thocomerius-Negru Vodă, un voivod de origine cumană la începuturile Țării Românești: cum a purces întemeierea primului stat medieval românesc dinainte de «descălecătoare» și până la așezarea Mitropoliei Ungrovlahiei la Argeș: noi interpretări, Editura Humanitas, București, 2007, ISBN 978-973-50-1787-3

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