Нейтрон-антинейтронные осцилляции

Нейтро́н-антинейтро́нные осцилля́ции — гипотетические взаимопревращения нейтронов и антинейтронов в вакууме . Являются проявлением гипотетического взаимодействия, постулируемого в некоторых моделях Великого объединения и изменяющего барионное число на две единицы (ΔB = ±2, от +1 у нейтрона до −1 у антинейтрона). Это взаимодействие отличается от другого гипотетического взаимодействия, вызывающего распад нейтрона по схеме или протона по схеме и изменяющего барионное число на единицу (ΔB = ±1)[1]. Как наблюдения за пучками холодных нейтронов из реактора, так и поиск аннигиляции антинейтронов в ядрах дают нижнее ограничение на период вакуумных нейтрон-антинейтронных осцилляций с примерно одинаковой чувствительностью порядка 108 с[2]. Наиболее чувствительный эксперимент с пучком холодных нейтронов даёт нижнее ограничение на период вакуумных осцилляций τвак > 0,86×108 с[3]. Для внутриядерных нейтрон-антинейтронных осцилляций наилучшее ограничение на 2018 год даёт эксперимент Супер-Камиоканде (для нейтронов в ядрах 16O): τ > 1,9×1032 лет, что в пересчёте соответствует ограничению на период вакуумных осцилляций τвак > 2,7×108 с[3].

См. также

Примечания

  1. Окунь Л. Б. Физика элементарных частиц. — М., Наука, 1988. — С. 189
  2. Федоров В. В. Нейтронная физика. — СПб.: ПИЯФ, 2004. — C. 199—206.
  3. 1 2 D. G. Phillips II et al. Neutron-Antineutron Oscillations: Theoretical Status and Experimental Prospects (англ.) // Physics Reports[англ.] : journal. — 2016. — Vol. 612. — P. 1—45. — doi:10.1016/j.physrep.2015.11.001. — arXiv:1410.1100v2.

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