Коэффициент масштаба

Коэффицие́нт масшта́ба — это параметр вероятностного распределения. Физически конкретное значение данного параметра может быть связано с выбором шкалы измерения.

Определение

Пусть дано параметрическое семейство вероятностных распределений, характеризованных их функцией вероятности или плотностью вероятности , где  — фиксированный параметр. Этот параметр называется коэффициентом масштаба, если имеет место представление:

,

где  — фиксированная функция вероятности или плотность вероятности.

Замечание

  • Легко видеть, что если  — функция или плотность вероятности, то и соответственно функция или плотность вероятности для любого .

Пример

Пусть случайная величина представляет собой рост в метрах случайно выбранного человека. Предположим, что распределение имеет плотность . Определим случайную величину как рост случайно выбранного человека в сантиметрах. Тогда её плотность имеет вид

.

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