Комитеты торговли и мануфактур

Балтийская мануфактура, 1910

Комитеты торговли и мануфактур — организации в Российской империи, которые учреждались по желанию городских или купеческих обществ и с разрешения министра финансов[1].

Комитеты торговли и мануфактур создавались для обсуждения, по предложениям министерства финансов Российской империи и губернского начальства, вопросов торговли и промышленности, а также для обсуждения относящихся до местной торговли и промышленности вопросов, которые поднимались самим Комитетом[1].

Комитеты торговли и мануфактур ежегодно представляли в министерство финансов обзор положения и хода торговли и промышленности данной местности; некоторые Комитеты (например, в Одессе) напечатанные обзоры или «отчеты» выпускало в продажу[1].

Одна из мануфактур России

Члены Комитетов торговли и мануфактур, в числе 6—12, избирались на 4 года или городской думой, или же собранием купеческого общества. Особые местные совещательные органы для споспешествования промышленности появились в России в 1828 году, одновременно с учреждением Мануфактурного совета и назывались мануфактурными комитетами[2][3]. Они учреждались в губернских городах тех губерний, где было много фабрик, и состояли, под председательством губернатора, из членов, назначавшихся министром финансов из содержателей фабрик, принадлежавших к дворянству и купечеству. Комитетам этим, в числе прочего, предоставлено было исследование споров по предметам привилегий[1].

В Одессе, Риге, Архангельске, Таганроге и Ростове-на-Дону были созданы отделения коммерческого совета. В 1872 году, с изданием нового положения о совещательных учреждениях по части торговли и мануфактурной промышленности[4], все эти установления были упразднены, но открытые в 1871 году в Варшаве и Люблине Мануфактурные комитеты были оставлены на прежнем основании. Затем были открыты Комитеты торговли и мануфактур — в 1873 году в Архангельске, в 1875 году в Тихвине, Твери, Одессе и Ростове на Дону, в 1879 году в Иваново-Вознесенске и в 1893 году в городе Белостоке[1].

В 1918 году, вскоре после Октябрьского переворота, Комитеты торговли и мануфактур были упразднены большевиками[5].

См. также

Примечания

  1. ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 Комитеты торговли и мануфактур // Энциклопедический словарь Брокгауза и Ефрона : в 86 т. (82 т. и 4 доп.). — СПб., 1890—1907.
  2. ↑ Совет торговли и мануфактур // Энциклопедический словарь Брокгауза и Ефрона : в 86 т. (82 т. и 4 доп.). — СПб., 1890—1907.
  3. ↑ Совет торговли и мануфактур // Большая российская энциклопедия : [в 35 т.] / гл. ред. Ю. С. Осипов. — М. : Большая российская энциклопедия, 2004—2017.
  4. ↑ Статья 14—27 Устава о промышленности, Свод Законов, том XI, часть 2, издание 1887 года.
  5. ↑ Комитеты торговли и мануфактур // Большая российская энциклопедия : [в 35 т.] / гл. ред. Ю. С. Осипов. — М. : Большая российская энциклопедия, 2004—2017.

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