Калъат-Симъан

Калъат-Симъан
араб. كنيسة مار سمعان العمودي‎
36°20′03″ с. ш. 36°50′39″ в. д.HGЯO
Тип руины, христианский храм, Мартириум и hospital[вд]
Страна
Местоположение Халеб
Конфессия христианство
Архитектурный стиль архитектура Византии
Дата основания V век
Калъат-Симъан (Сирия)
Точка
Логотип Викисклада Медиафайлы на Викискладе

Калъат-Симъан[1], или Калат-Симан (крепость Симеона, араб. قلعة سمعان‎) — раннехристианский монастырь и место паломничества в районе мёртвых городов на севере Сирии. Возник на месте, где служил и умер первый христианский столпник Симеон Столпник. Руины расположены в 35 км на северо-запад от Алеппо по дороге в Африн.

При императоре Зеноне (474–491) были построены паломнические дороги между Антиохией и Дейр-Симъан. Строительство монастыря датируется между 476 и 490 годом. Церковный ансамбль включает восьмиугольное главное помещение, в котором расположена 18-метровая колонна Симеона, от которого в виде креста в каждую сторону света расходятся трёхнефные базилики. В восточной базилике с тремя апсидами производилось священнодействие.

В 2011 году монастырский комплекс включён в Список Всемирного наследия ЮНЕСКО.

Галерея

  • Баптистерий
    Баптистерий
  • Южный фасад
    Южный фасад
  • Икона Святого Симеона
    Икона Святого Симеона
  • Фасад
    Фасад
  • Узор на стенах церкви
    Узор на стенах церкви
  • Остатки атриума
    Остатки атриума
  • Вид с вершины горы
    Вид с вершины горы
  • Интерьеры
    Интерьеры

Примечания

  1. ↑ Калъат-Симъан : [арх. 21 октября 2022] // Большая российская энциклопедия : [в 35 т.] / гл. ред. Ю. С. Осипов. — М. : Большая российская энциклопедия, 2004—2017.

Литература

  • Jean-Luc Biscop, Jean-Pierre Sodini: Travaux à Qal'at Sem'an (= Collection de l'École Française de Rome. Bd. 123 = Studi di antichità cristiana. Bd. 61, ZDB-ID 428303-x). École Française de Rome, Rom 1989, S. 1675–1693.
  • Friedrich Wilhelm Deichmann: Qalb Lōze und Qal'at Sem'ān. Die besondere Entwicklung der nordsyrisch-spätantiken Architektur (= Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften. Philosophisch-Historische Klasse. Sitzungsberichte. 1982, Heft 6). Verlag der Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, München 1982, ISBN 3-7696-1518-2.
  • Frank Rainer Scheck, Johannes Odenthal: Syrien. Hochkulturen zwischen Mittelmeer und Arabischer Wüste. 4., aktualisierte Auflage. DuMont, Ostfildern 2009, ISBN 978-3-7701-3978-1, S. 283–290.

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