Закон Генри

Зако́н Ге́нри, Закон Генри — Дальтона — закон, по которому при постоянной температуре растворимость (концентрация) газа в данной жидкости прямо пропорциональна давлению этого газа над раствором. Закон пригоден лишь для идеальных и предельно разбавленных реальных растворов и невысоких давлений.

Закон описан английским химиком У. Генри в 1803 г.

Формула

Закон Генри записывается обычно следующим образом:

где:

 — парциальное давление газа над раствором, Па ;
 — молярная концентрация газа в растворе, моль/л , г/л :
 — константа Генри (const растворимости), моль/(Па*л), коэффициент зависит от природы газа и растворителя, а также от температуры.

Различные константы Генри могут быть преобразованы друг в друга, например

или

при этом R универсальная газовая постоянная и T температура системы .

Значение Закона Генри

  1. Объясняет причины кессонной болезни;
  2. Обосновывает применение барокамеры: Система общей и местной кислородной терапии открытых ран. Основа действия — циклическое повышение давления увлажненного кислорода, за счёт чего увеличивается градиент тканевой диффузии кислорода. Подавляется не только рост анаэробной инфекции — усиливается синтез коллагена, ангиогенез, значительно улучшается работа лейкоцитов. Барокамера применяется для лечения язв, ожогов, обморожений, последствий синдрома длительного сдавления.

Публикации

  • William Henry: Experiments on the Quantity of Gases Absorbed by Water, at Different Temperatures, and under Different Pressures. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. January 1, 1803 93:29-274; doi:10.1098/rstl.1803.0004 (текст)

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