Геология Омана

Слоистый габбро в регионе Эль-Батина

Геология Омана включает в себя разнообразные ландшафты, которые представляют собой смесь его геологической истории и климата за последние несколько миллионов лет. Выступы пород в горах Аль-Хаджар, Хукф и Дофара представляют интерес для международных геологов. Горные породы охватывают около 825 миллионов лет истории и включают по крайней мере три геологических периода, когда страна была покрыта льдом.

Оман, расположенный в юго-восточном регионе аравийской платформы, медленно продвигается на север, поскольку Красное море расширяется. Высокие Аль-Хаджарские горы и утопленные долины Мусандама — это драматические напоминания об этом. Вообще говоря, Оман довольно спокойный тектонически. Мусандан испытывает некоторые колебания, когда Аравийская платформа сталкивается с евразийской плитой.

В течение мелового периода Оман располагался рядом с зоной субдукции, а часть верхней мантии наряду с надлежащими вулканическими породами морского дна была пронизана континентальной корой. Эта необработанная поверхность ультраосновных к мафическим породам представляет собой комплексный офиолитовый комплекс. Офиолит богат медными и хромитовыми железами[1][2].

Внутренние равнины Омана — это молодые осадочные породы, дюны и солончаки. Под ними находится несколько километровый слой старых осадочных пород, в которых размещаются углеводородные ресурсы страны. Древняя соль, которая выходит на поверхность в нескольких соляных участках, таких как Карат Кибрит, играет важную роль в формировании многих нефтяных и газовых скоплений.

Примечания

  1. ↑ Guilbert, John M. and Charles F. Park. The Geology of Ore Deposits (англ.) // Freeman. — 1984. — С. 380—382. — ISSN 0-7167-1456-6.
  2. ↑ Dilek, Yildirim; et.al, eds. Ophiolites and Oceanic Crust (англ.) // Geological Society of America. — 2001. — С. 57. — ISSN 0-8137-2349-3.

Литература

  • Геологическое наследие Омана, второе издание. ООО «Нефтяное развитие Омана», 2006 г.

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