Арктическая воздушная масса

Арктическая воздушная масса (сокр. АВМ; англ. Arctic air mass[1]) — воздушная масса, которая формируется над пространствами Северного Ледовитого океана и арктическими островами, а зимой также и над крайними северными территориями материков, которые сильно выдвинуты к северу. Характеризуется низкими температурами, малым влагосодержанием[2] и большой прозрачностью.

Вторгаясь в низкие широты, АВМ создает более или менее резкие похолодания — волны холода. Прогреваясь при движении к югу над морем, а в тёплое время года над сушей, АВМ приобретает неустойчивую стратификацию в нижних слоях с образованием облаков и осадков конвекции[3].

Примечания

  1. Vladimir Kotlyakov, Anna Komarova. Elsevier's Dictionary of Geography: in English, Russian, French, Spanish and German (англ.). — Elsevier Science, 2006-12-20. — P. 44. — 1072 p. — ISBN 978-0-08-048878-3. Архивировано 10 июня 2023 года.
  2. Коллектив авторов. Арктическая энциклопедия. — ЛитРес, 2017. — Т. 1. — С. 287. — 781 с. — ISBN 978-5-04-071796-5. Архивировано 10 июня 2023 года.
  3. Метеоэнциклопедия. Дата обращения: 12 ноября 2020. Архивировано 12 ноября 2020 года.

Литература

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