Языки Буркина-Фасо

Буркина-Фасо — многоязычная страна. По оценкам, там говорят на 68 языках, 60 из которых являются языками коренных народов. На языке моси говорят около 40 %, в основном в центральном регионе вокруг столицы, Уагадугу, наряду с другими, тесно связанный с языками гур на юге и востоке. На западе широко распространены языки манде. Язык фула широко распространён, особенно на севере.

Официальным языком является французский, введённый в колониальный период. Французский является основным языком в административных, политических и учебных институтах, на государственной службе и в СМИ. Это единственный язык для законов, администрации и суда. В образовании для глухих используется американский жестовый язык, который ввёл глухой американский миссионер Эндрю Фостер, хотя также существует буркинский жестовый язык в Уагадугу.

В декабре 2023 года правительство Буркина-Фасо принимает законопроект, пересматривающий Конституцию и отныне закрепляющий национальные языки в качестве официальных вместо французского, отведенного в ранг «рабочего языка».

Для записи языков коренного населения Буркина-Фасо используется национальный буркинийский алфавит на латинской графической основе, принятый в 1979 году.

Буркинийский национальный алфавит (1979)[1][2]
A B Ɓ C Ç D Ɗ E Ǝ Ɛ F G Gb H I Ɩ J K Kp L M N Ny Ŋ Ŋm O Ɔ P R S Sh T U Ü Ʋ V W X Y Ƴ Z Zh
a b ɓ c ç d ɗ e ǝ ɛ f g gb h i ɩ j k kp l m n ny ŋ ŋm o ɔ p r s sh t u ü ʋ v w x y ƴ z zh

Примечания

  1. ↑ Mohamadou Diallo, «Le noyau du code orthographique du dioula du Burkina Faso», Mandekan, Bulletin semestriel d’études linguistiques mandé, n° 37, 2001. Дата обращения: 18 ноября 2018. Архивировано из оригинала 4 марта 2016 года.
  2. ↑ Zongo, Parlons Mooré  : langue et culture des mossis : Burkina-Faso, Paris [etc.], L’Harmattan, 2004

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