Храм Солнца (Ла-Либертад)

Вид на храм с юго-востока.

Храм Солнца (Уака-дель-Соль) — саманный кирпичный храм в Перу, построенный в период существования культуры моче. Расположен невдалеке от перуанского города Трухильо. Здесь же расположен второй подобный храм, лучше сохранившийся, но меньший по размерам, — Храм Луны.

Храмы были возведены приблизительно в 450 году. Храм Солнца состоит из примерно 130 миллионов кирпичей, являясь тем самым крупнейшей кирпичной постройкой доколумбовой Америки[1].

Здание храма состоит из четырёх основных уровней. После возведения оно неоднократно перестраивалось. Храм Солнца располагался в центре столицы культуры Моче и выполнял функции места проведения ритуалов и погребения элиты моческого общества.

В XVII веке, уже во времена колониального правления испанцев, было отведено русло реки Моче, вследствие чего её течение стало обращено к храму. Таким способом колонисты пытались облегчить себе добывания оставшегося золота из нижних уровней храма. В результате подобного акта здание оказалось существенно повреждено, потеряно 2/3 храма, вследствие как действия эрозии, так и активности грабителей. Высота сохранившейся части здания составляет 41 м.

Примечания

  1. ↑ Cameron, Ian. Kingdom of the Sun God: a history of the Andes and their people (англ.). — New York: Facts on File[англ.], 1990. — P. 43. — ISBN 0-8160-2581-9.

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