Симфония № 1 (Гайдн)

Симфония № 1
нем. 1. Sinfonie D-Dur
Композитор
Форма симфония
Тональность ре мажор
Дата создания 1757
Номер по каталогу I:1

Симфония № 1 ре мажор соч. 1 — симфония Йозефа Гайдна, написанная в 1759 году во время службы композитора капельмейстером в Унтерлукавице у графа Морцина. Считается первой хронологической симфонией Гайдна, хотя Роббинс Лэндон считал, что, возможно, симфонии № 2 или № 4 могли быть написаны раньше. На вступление к первой части определённое влияние оказала Мангеймская школа.

Состав оркестра: два гобоя (или флейты), две валторны, 2 скрипки, альт, генерал-бас (фагот, виолончель и клавесин)[1].

Структура

Симфония состоит из 3-х частей:

  1. Allegro. Presto (5 мин.)
  2. Andante (6 мин.)
  3. Finale. Presto (2 мин.)[1]

Приблизительная длительность: 13 минут.

Часть 1

Первая часть открывается Мангеймским crescendo, контрастным по отношению к более Австрийскому характеру всей симфонии[2].

Также в первой части новаторски использована партия альта, которая значительно отличается от линии генерал-баса[3].

Часть 2

Во второй части духовые не используются. Интересны унисонные инструментальные «вскрики» forte.

Часть 3

Чрезвычайно коротка по длительности -- одна из самых коротких частей в симфонической музыке.

Примечания

  1. ↑ 1 2 J. Haydn: Sinfonía nº 1 en Re Mayor. Symphony Nº 1 Sheet Music. Дата обращения: 25 декабря 2019. Архивировано 27 февраля 2020 года.
  2. ↑ Karl Geiringer, H. C. Robbins Landon. Haydn: The Early Years, 1732-1765 // Notes. — 1981-09. — Т. 38, вып. 1. — С. 60. — ISSN 0027-4380. — doi:10.2307/940438.
  3. ↑ J. Landon. What is Health? // BMJ. — 1955-02-12. — Т. 1, вып. 4910. — С. 415—416. — ISSN 1468-5833 0959-8138, 1468-5833. — doi:10.1136/bmj.1.4910.415-c.

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