Сальник (анатомия)

У этого термина существуют и другие значения, см. Сальник.
Рисунок из «ЭСБЕ». Схема, показываю­щая на­ча­ло образо­ва­ния саль­ника, в про­доль­ном раз­резе: 1 — печень, 2 — пече­ночно-желу­дочная связка, 3 — желу­док, 4 — селе­зенка, 5 — две­надцати­перстная кишка, 6 — тол­стая (ободоч­ная) кишка, 7 — саль­ник.

Сальник (лат. omentum) — широкая и протяжённая по длине складка внутренностной (висцеральной) брюшины, между листками которой расположена рыхлая соединительная ткань, богатая сосудами и жировыми отложениями. Разделяют большой и малый сальник.

Большой сальник (лат. omentum majus) состоит из 4 листков брюшины, начинается от большой кривизны желудка, фиксируется к поперечной ободочной кишке и, покрывая кишечник спереди, спускается в виде фартука. Выполняет защитную функцию при травмах и воспалительных заболеваниях органов брюшной полости, например, при аппендиците. Большой сальник часто используют для прикрытия швов при операциях на желудке, кишечнике, а также для тампонады ран печени и селезёнки.

Малый сальник (лат. omentum minus) — удвоенная брюшина, натянутая между печенью, верхней частью двенадцатиперстной кишки и малой кривизной желудка.

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