Раматхибоди I

Не следует путать с Раматипади I.
Раматхибоди I
тайск. รามาธิบดีที่ 1
Король Аютии
1350 - 1369
Преемник Рамесуан
Рождение 1314(1314)
Смерть 1369(1369)
Род Династия У-Тхонг
Имя при рождении У-Тхонг (тайск. อู่ทอง)
Дети Рамесуан
Логотип Викисклада Медиафайлы на Викискладе

Раматхибоди I (тайск. รามาธิบดีที่ 1) (1314—1369) — первый король Аютии, исторического государства на территории современного Таиланда, правивший с 1350 до своей смерти в 1369 году.[1]

До начала правления был известен под именем У-Тхонг (тайск. อู่ทอง), что означает «Золотая колыбель». Считал себя потомком короля Менграя Великого.[2] Согласно наиболее известному источнику, записке XVII века голландца Иеремии Ван Влийта, У-Тхонг по происхождению был китайцем. Преуспев в торговле, он приобрел достаточно влияния, чтобы прийти к власти в прибрежном городе Пхетбури.

Став королём, Раматхибоди I основал новую столицу (город Аютию), установил четыре главных административных поста страны (министров внутренних дел, финансов, королевского имущества и сельского хозяйства) и кодифицировал законы. Территория королевства включала в себя большую часть Малайи.[2]

Раматхибоди заключил союз с китайской династией Мин.[2] В 1352 году король осадил кхмерский город Яшодхарапура, в следующем году взял его и посадил на трон одного из своих сыновей. Однако в 1357 году кхмеры смогли вернуть себе город.[1]

Смерть короля вызвала междоусобицу из-за права наследования. Первоначально королем стал сын Раматхибоди принц Рамесуан, но потом ему пришлось отречься в пользу Бороморачи I, шурина Раматхибоди.[2]

Ссылки

  1. ↑ 1 2 Седес, Жорж. The Indianized States of Southeast Asia (англ.). — Издательство Гавайского университета, 1968. — ISBN 978-0-8248-0368-1. Архивировано 23 января 2023 года.
  2. ↑ 1 2 3 4 Chakrabongse, C., 1960, Lords of Life, London: Alvin Redman Limited

Литература

  • Wyatt, David K., Thailand: A Short History, New Haven (Yale University), 2003. ISBN 0-300-08475-7
  • Srisak Vallipodom, Sheikh Ahmad Qomi and the History of Siam, Cultural Center of the Islamic City, Republic of Iran, Bangkok 1995, page 209
  • Plubplung Kongchana, The Persians in Ayutthaya, Institute of Asia Pacific Studies, Srinakharinwirot University.

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