Птеростигма

Крыло стрекозы семейства Gomphidae, демонстрирующее птеростигму

Птеростигма (крыловой глазок) — кутикулярное утолщение у передней кромки крыла насекомых, расположенное ближе к его вершине. Состоит из утолщённых (иногда дополнительно пигментированных) жилок и ячеек и внешне выглядит как плотный тёмноокрашенный участок края крыла.

Встречаемость

Характерна для многих крылатых насекомых, но особенно хорошо заметна у представителей таких отрядов, как стрекозы, перепончатокрылые (осы, пчёлы, муравьи, пилильщики), сетчатокрылые и другие.

Функции

  • увеличивает амплитуду размаха крыла за счёт утяжеления его вершины
  • возможно, укрепляет переднюю кромку крыла

Ранее неоднократно высказывалось предположение, что птеростигма может гасить вредные колебания (флаттер) крыла, якобы возникающие при высокоскоростном полёте. Подобные антифлаттерные конструкции используются в авиации, однако у насекомых флаттер, по-видимому, не наблюдается.

См. также

Примечания

Литература

  • Бродский А. К. Механика полета насекомых и эволюция их крылового аппарата. — Л. Изд-во ЛГУ им. А. А. Жданова — 1988. — 206с. ил.

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