Мезоатом

Мезоатом — экзотический атом, в котором часть или все электроны заменены на другие элементарные частицы с отрицательным электрическим зарядом ( $\mu ^{-}$ , $\pi ^{-}$ , $K^{-}$ ). Образуются при торможении отрицательно заряженных элементарных частиц в веществе. Время жизни мезоатома очень мало и не превышает времени жизни элементарных частиц, его образующих^[1].

Мезоатомы, образованные заменой одного или нескольких электронов оболочки на отрицательные мю-мезоны, называются мю-мезоатомами, а аналогичной заменой на отрицательные пи-мезоны, называются пи-мезоатомами^[2].

Простейший мезоатом образован протоном и отрицательно заряженным мюоном (мю-мезоводород). Он способен проникать внутрь электронных оболочек атомов и участвовать в мюонном катализе. Другой простейший мезоатом образован протоном и отрицательно заряженным пи-мезоном (пи-мезоводород).

См. также

Мюонный катализ

Примечания

↑ Физика микромира, 1980, с. 250.
↑ Гольданский В. И., Шантарович В. П. Современное состояние исследований "новых" атомов // Физика XX века: развитие и перспективы. - М., Наука, 1984. - с. 136

Ссылки

Бархоп Э. Экзотические атомы // УФН, т. 106, c. 527–548, (1972)

Литература

Ширков Д. В. Физика микромира. — М.: Советская энциклопедия, 1980. — 527 с.
Кириллов-Угрюмов В. Г., Никитин Ю. П., Сергеев Ф. М. Атомы и мезоны. — М.: Атомиздат, 1980. — 216 с.

Частицы в физике

Фундаментальные
частицы

Фермионы

Кварки	u d s c b t
Лептоны	e⁻ e⁺ μ⁻ · μ⁺ τ⁻ · τ⁺ Нейтрино ν_e · ν_e ν_μ · ν_μ ν_τ · ν_τ

Бозоны

Калибровочные	γ g W^± · Z⁰
Скалярные	Бозон Хиггса

Составные
частицы

Адроны

Барионы (Гипероны)	Нуклоны p p n n Δ Λ Σ Ξ Ω Пентакварки
Мезоны (Кварконии)	π η · η′ ρ ω φ J/ψ ϒ θ K B D T Тетракварки

Соединения фундаментальных и(или) составных частиц

Обычные

Необычные

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