Куявяк

Куявяк
Куявяк
Куявяк
Логотип Викисклада Медиафайлы на Викискладе

Куя́вяк (пол. Kujawiak) — польский народный танец.

История

Возник в Куявии. Впервые название «куявяк» отмечено в 1827 году. Народное название танца — «śpiący» (рус. спящий, сонный). Первая музыкальная обработка куявяка была осуществлена около 1830 года. Наиболее известны обработки танца композитором Генриком Венявским.

Характеристика

Внешние видеофайлы
Kujawiak

Характер танца куявяка — лирический, романтический, медленный, часто в минорных тональностях. Трёхдольность близка к вальсовой. Куявяк — танец-размышление или танец-воспоминание.

Музыкальный размер — 3/4. Темп умеренный.

Танец, родственный мазурке, но, в отличие от неë, в куявяке соблюдается строгая симметрия акцентов. Характерной для него формой является период из двух фраз, причём акценты во 2-й фразе приходятся на те же места, что и в первой. Обычно в куявяке акцент падает на ту или иную часть 4-го такта. Характерным акцентом в конце фразы является более сильное притоптывание.

Мелодичные и ритмичные обороты куявяка использованы в произведениях Ф. Шопена, Г. Венявского и др. польских композиторов.

Литература

  • Музыкальная энциклопедия. — Под ред. Ю. В. Келдыша. — М.: Советская энциклопедия, Советский композитор. 1973—1982.
  • Пасхалов В.[В.] Шопен и польская народная музыка. — Л.—М., Государственное музыкальное издательство, 1949. — 114 с.; Иллюстрации, ноты, портреты, факсимиле.

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