Бахрома

Бахрома на кокошнике середины XVIII в. из собрания Метрополитен-музея

Бахрома́[1] (от араб. مكرمية‎ [макрамийя] — «кружева»), бахро́мка[2] — род тесьмы, плетежка, вя́занки с махрами, висячими прядками различного вида или тесьма с висящими с одной стороны нитями, мягкими волокнами, шнурками или любыми другими подвесками.

Используется как обшивка краёв[3] одежды, скатерти и прочего из кручёных или иной формы шёлковых, шерстяных, серебряных или золотых ниток, а также как украшение к занавесям, мебели, абажурам.

Бахромой отделываются различные текстильные изделия с целью придания изделиям привлекательного вида. Бахрому для отделки платков и шарфов получают выдёргиванием нитей на краях изделия. Для этого платки предварительно подрубаются. Бахрома также применяется для украшения штор, часто при этом используется бахрома с бисером.

Бахрома является неотъемлемой частью ковров ручной работы (продолжение основы ковра), а в коврах машинного производства подшивается к ковру в декоративных целях. Одними из основных материалов, используемых в основе ковров и бахроме являются хлопок, овечья шерсть и натуральный шёлк.

Каждая отдельная часть бахромы называется мохо́рь, махра́ или мохна́[4].

Виды бахромы

  • Шёлковая бахрома
    • Обычная шёлковая бахрома
    • Вязаная шёлковая бахрома
  • Шерстяная бахрома
    • Обычная шерстяная бахрома
    • Вязаная шерстяная бахрома
  • Бахрома с акрилом
  • Бахрома с бисером
  • Бахрома с ниток серебряных[3]
  • Бахрома с ниток золотых[3]

Галерея

Примечания

  1. ↑ Бахрома // Энциклопедический словарь Брокгауза и Ефрона : в 86 т. (82 т. и 4 доп.). — СПб., 1890—1907.
  2. ↑ Бахрома // Толковый словарь живого великорусского языка : в 4 т. / авт.-сост. В. И. Даль. — 2-е изд. — СПб. : Типография М. О. Вольфа, 1880—1882.
  3. ↑ 1 2 3 Бахрома // Малый энциклопедический словарь Брокгауза и Ефрона. — 2-е изд., вновь перераб. и значит. доп. — Т. 1—2. — СПб., 1907—1909.
  4. ↑ Мохорь // Толковый словарь живого великорусского языка : в 4 т. / авт.-сост. В. И. Даль. — 2-е изд. — СПб. : Типография М. О. Вольфа, 1880—1882.

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