Арья самадж

Агнихотра Арья-самадж.

А́рья сама́дж (IAST: ārya samāja, आर्य समाज, букв. «Общество ариев (благородных)», но по сути — «Общество просвещённых») — индуистское реформаторское движение, основанное 10 апреля 1875 года Даянандой Сарасвати[1].

Целью «Арья самаджа» Даянанда видел возвращение к «истинному ведийскому индуизму», очищение индуизма от всех влияний, проникших в него из других религий за весь послеведийский период.

Создавая «Арья самадж», Дайянанда внедрил в практику этого общества особый обряд «шуддхи» (санскр. — «очищение»), после проведения которого принявшие ранее иное вероисповедание ритуально очищались и возвращались в лоно индуизма.

«Арья-самадж» развернуло кампанию шуддхи в конце XIX в. в ответ на прозелитическую активность христианских миссионеров на Северо-Западе Индии[2] (Джавахарлал Неру в своей книге «Открытие Индии» считает, что «Арья-самадж» привнёс элементы прозелитизма в сам индуизм).

На сегодняшний день во всём мире насчитывается около 3 — 4 млн последователей «Арья-самадж».

Примечания

  1. ↑ Hastings, James; John A. Selbie (Ed.). Encyclopedia of Religion and Ethics, Part 3 (англ.). — Kessinger Publishing[англ.], 2003. — P. 57. — ISBN 076613671X.
  2. ↑ Мезенцева О. В. Мир ведийских истин. Жизнь и учение Свами Дайянанды. — М.: ИФ РАН, 1994.

Литература

  • Pt. Chamupati, M.A., Ten Commandments of Arya Samaj, New Delhi: D.A.V. Publications (2001)
  • J.T.F. Jordens, Dayanada Saraswati, Delhi: Oxford University Press (1978).
  • Lajpat Rai, The Arya Samaj: An Account of its Aims, Doctrine and Activities, with a Biographical Sketch of the Founder, D.A.V. College Managing Committee, New Delhi (1915), ISBN 9788185047775.
  • Lajpat Rai, A History of the Arya Samaj, (Rep.) New Delhi (1993), ISBN 812150578X
  • M. Ruthven, Fundamentalism: A Very Short Introduction, Oxford University Press, USA (2007), ISBN 978-0199212705.
  • J.M. Sharma, Swami Dayanand: A Biography, USB Publishers Distributors Ltd., India (1998), ISBN 81-7476-212-4.
  • Rajender Sethi, «Rashtra Pitamah Swami Dayanand Saraswati» published by M R Sethi Educational Trust Chandigarh
  • Мезенцева О. В. Мир ведийских истин. Жизнь и учение Свами Дайянанды. М.: ИФ РАН, 1994
  • Боги, брахманы, люди. 4000 лет индуизма. Перевод с чешского. 2-е изд. М. 1983

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