Împăratul Yongzheng

Împăratul Yongzheng
雍正帝
Împărat Qing
Date personale
Nume la naștereChineză: Aixin-Jueluo Hongli 愛新覺羅弘曆
Manciuriană: Aisin-Gioro hala i Hung Li
Născut13 decembrie 1678(1678-12-13)
Dongcheng District⁠(d), Beijing, Republica Populară Chineză Modificați la Wikidata
Decedat (56 de ani)
Beijing, China
ÎnmormântatTailing, Mormintele Qing de Vest, China
Cauza decesuluicauze naturale (accident vascular cerebral) Modificați la Wikidata
PărințiÎmpăratul Kangxi
Împărăteasa Xiaogongren
Frați și suroriState Princess Rongxian[*][[State Princess Rongxian (daughter of KangXi Emperor)|​]]
Princess Duanjing of the Second Rank[*][[Princess Duanjing of the Second Rank (daughter of KangXi Emperor)|​]]
State Princess Kejing[*][[State Princess Kejing (daughter of KangXi Emperor)|​]]
Kurun Princess Wenxian[*][[Kurun Princess Wenxian (daughter of KangXi Emperor)|​]]
State Princess Chunque[*][[State Princess Chunque (daughter of KangXi Emperor)|​]]
Princess Wenke of the Second Rank[*][[Princess Wenke of the Second Rank |​]]
Princess Quejing[*][[Princess Quejing |​]]
Princess Dunke of the Second Rank[*][[Princess Dunke of the Second Rank (daughter of KangXi Emperor)|​]]
eighth daughter of Kangxi[*][[eighth daughter of Kangxi |​]]
Yunreng[*][[Yunreng (Qing Dynasty prince (1674-1725))|​]]
Yunti[*][[Yunti (14th son of Kangxi Emperor, Qing Dynasty prince (1688-1756))|​]]
Yunsi[*][[Yunsi (Qing Dynasty prince)|​]]
Yunzhi, Prince Cheng[*][[Yunzhi, Prince Cheng (third son of Kangxi Emperor, Qing dynasty)|​]]
Yinzhuo[*][[Yinzhuo |​]]
Chengrui[*][[Chengrui |​]]
Chenghu[*][[Chenghu |​]]
Chengqing[*][[Chengqing |​]]
Sayinchahun[*][[Sayinchahun |​]]
Yunzhi, Prince Zhi[*][[Yunzhi, Prince Zhi (Qing dynasty prince)|​]]
Changhua[*][[Changhua |​]]
Changsheng[*][[Changsheng |​]]
Wanpu[*][[Wanpu |​]]
Yinzan[*][[Yinzan |​]]
Yinqi[*][[Yinqi (Qing dynasty person CBDB = 67003)|​]]
Yinyou[*][[Yinyou (Qing dynasty person CBDB = 72659)|​]]
Yuntang[*][[Yuntang (the ninth son of the Kangxi Emperor; rival to the fourth son who later became Yongzhe Emperor)|​]]
Yun’e[*][[Yun’e (tenth son of Kangxi Emperor (1683-1741))|​]]
Yinju[*][[Yinju |​]]
Yinzi[*][[Yinzi |​]]
Yintao[*][[Yintao (twelfth son of Kangxi Emperor, Qing Dynasty)|​]]
Yinji[*][[Yinji |​]]
Yunxu[*][[Yunxu (Qing dynasty person CBDB = 72661)|​]]
Yinlu[*][[Yinlu (prince Zhuang of the First Rank)|​]]
Yunli[*][[Yunli (17th son of Kangxi Emperor, Qing Dynasty prince)|​]]
Yinxie[*][[Yinxie |​]]
Yinji[*][[Yinji |​]]
Yinyi[*][[Yinyi |​]]
Yunxi[*][[Yunxi (Kangxi Emperor's 21st surviving son and the first Prince Shen of the Second Rank)|​]]
Yinhu[*][[Yinhu (prince Gongqin of the Third Rank)|​]]
Yinqi[*][[Yinqi (Qing dynasty person CBDB = 57048)|​]]
Yunbi[*][[Yunbi (prince Xian of the First Rank)|​]]
Yinyuan[*][[Yinyuan |​]]
Yinxiang (Prințul)[*] Modificați la Wikidata
Căsătorit cuÎmpărăteasa Xiaojingxian
Împărăteasa Xiaoshengxian
Consoarta Qi
CopiiHonghui
Hongyun
Hongshi
Hongli
Hongzhou
Hongpan
Fuhe
Fuhui
Fupei
Hongyan
Ocupațieconducător[*] Modificați la Wikidata
Locul desfășurării activitățiiChina Modificați la Wikidata
Apartenență nobiliară
Familie nobiliarăAisin-Gioro
al V-lea împarat Qing
Domnie27 decembrie 1722 – 8 octombrie 1735
PredecesorÎmpăratul Kangxi
SuccesorÎmpăratul Qianlong

Împăratul erei Yongzheng (împăratul Yung -Cheng [1] [2]; n. , Dongcheng District⁠(d), Beijing, Republica Populară Chineză – d. , Beijing, Dinastia Qing) , născut Yinzhen ( Yin - chen [3]) a fost al cincilea împărat care a condus dinastia manciuriană Qing, domnind între 1722-1735. Un conducător foarte muncitor, obiectivul său principal a fost de a crea un guvern eficient, la costuri minime. Ca și tatăl său, Împăratul Kangxi, Yongzheng a folosit forța militară pentru a păstra poziția dinastiei lui. Domnia sa a fost cunoscută ca despotică, eficientă și viguroasă.

Domnia Yongzheng a fost mult mai scurtă decât domniile tatălui său (Împăratul Kangxi) și a fiului său (Împăratul Qianlong), moartea sa subită a fost, probabil, cauzată de volumul mare de munca. Yongzheng a continuat o eră de pace și prosperitate, înăbușind corupția și risipa și a reformat administrația financiară.[4] În timpul domniei sale a fost constituit Marele Consiliu, o instituție care a avut un impact enorm asupra viitorului imperial al Chinei.


Genealogie

  • Ula-Nara Duoqimuli, Împărăteasa Xiaojingxiana din clanului Ula-Nara (28 Iunie 1681 – 29 Octombrie1731)
    • Honghui, Prințul Duan de Rank Intâi (17 aprilie 1697 – 7 iulie 1704), primul fiu
  • Împărăteasa Xiaoshengxian, din clanului Niohuru (12 Ianuarie 1692 – 2 Martie 1777)
  • Nobila Consoarta Imperiala Dunsu, din clanul Nian (d. 23 Decembrie 1725)
    • A patra fiică (15 aprilie 1715 – iunie/iulie 1717)
    • Fuyi (30 iunie 1720 – 9 februarie 1721), al șaptelea fiu
    • Fuhui, Prințul Huai de Rank Intâi ( 27 noiembrie 1721 – 11 octombrie 1728), al optulea fiu
    • Fupei ( 12 iunie 1723), al nouălea fiu
  • Consoarta nobilă imperială Chunque, din clanul Geng (Decembrie 1689/Ianuarie 1690 – 27 Ianuarie 1785)
    • Hongzhou, Prințul Hegong de Rank Intâi ( 5 ianuarie 1712 – 2 septembrie 1770), al șaselea (al cincilea) fiu
  • Consoarta Qi, din clanului Li (1676 – 31 Mai 1739)
    • Prințesa Huaike de Rank Secund (15 august 1695 – aprilie/mai 1717), a doua fiică. Căsătorit cu Xingde ( 1739) din clanul Manchu Nara în septembrie/octombrie 1712
    • Hongfen ( 19 iulie 1697 – 30 martie 1699), al doilea fiu
    • Hongyun ( 19 septembrie 1700 – 10 decembrie 1710), al treilea (al doilea) fiu
    • Hongshi (18 martie 1704 – 20 septembrie 1727), al patrulea (al treilea) fiu
  • Wu Lingyuan, Consort Ning, din clanul Wu
  • Liugiya Xiangyu, Consoarta Qian din clanul Liugiya
    • Hongyan, Prințul Guogong de Rank Secund (9 mai 1733 – 27 aprilie 1765), al zecelea (șasele) fiu
  • Concubina Mao, din clanul Song
    • Prima fiică (10 aprilie 1694 – aprilie/mai 1694)
    • A treia fiică (8 ianuarie 1707 – ianuarie/februarie 1707)

Note

  1. ^ chineză: 雍正 帝; pinyin : Yongzheng DI , Wade-Giles : Yung1 - cheng4 Ti4 , manciuriană: ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠯᡳᠶᠠᠰᡠᠨ ᡨᠣᠪ, Hūwaliyasun Tob hūwangdi , mongolă: Nairalt Töv Khaan
  2. ^ pr.: iongeăn
  3. ^ chineză : 胤 禛; pinyin : Yinzhen , Wade-Giles : Yin4 - chen1 ; manciuriană: ᡳᠨ ᠵᡝᠨ; transliterare Moellendorff: in jen
  4. ^ Schirokauer, Conrad (). A Brief History of Chinese Civilization. Belmont, California: Thomson Higher Education. ISBN 0-534-64305-1. 

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