Sistemul educațional

Sistemul educațional[1] se referă, în general, la structura tuturor instituțiilor și oportunităților de a obține educație într-o țară. Acesta include toate instituțiile preșcolare, pornind de la educația în familie și/sau educația timpurie a copiilor, trecând prin grădiniță, școli primare, gimnaziale și terțiare, apoi licee, colegii și facultăți cunoscute și ca învățământ superior (învățământ universitar). Acest cadru include, de asemenea, instituții de formare profesională și personală continuă (aprofundată), precum și instituții de învățământ private.

În timp ce sistemul educațional este de obicei reglementat și organizat în conformitate cu legile relevante ale unei țări, sistemul educațional al unei țări poate avea aspecte sau dimensiuni nereglementate. De obicei, un sistem de învățământ este conceput pentru a oferi educație tuturor secțiunilor societății unei țări și membrilor acesteia. Acesta cuprinde tot ceea ce intră în procesul de educare a populației.

Organizația Națiunilor Unite pentru Educație, Știință și Cultură (UNESCO) recunoaște nouă niveluri de educație în sistemul său de Clasificare Internațională Standard a Educației (ISCED) (de la nivelul 0 (învățământ preprimar) până la nivelul 8 (doctorat)). Biroul Internațional al Educației al UNESCO menține o bază de date a sistemelor de educație specifice fiecărei țări și a etapelor acestora.[2]

Note

  1. ^ Wallace, Dorothy (). „Parts of the Whole: Approaching Education as a System”. 2. doi:10.5038/1936-4660.2.2.9. 
  2. ^ Revision of the International Standard Classification of Education (ISCED), Retrieved 5 April 2012.

Bibliografie

  • Kallen, Denis (1996) Evaluarea și reformarea sistemelor de învățământ. Paris, Organizația pentru Cooperare și Dezvoltare Economică OCLC 34560025
  • Helmut Fend: Die sozialen und individualn Funktionen von Bildungssystemen: Enkulturation, Qualifikation, Allocation und Integration. În: Hellekamps, S./Plöger, W./Wittenbruch, W. (Hrsg.): Handbuch der Erziehungswissenschaft . Bd. 3: Schule. Paderborn u. o. 2011, S. 41–53.
  • Průcha, ian. (1999) Vzdělávání a školství ve světě. 1. vyd. Praha: Portál, 320 s. ISBN 80-7178-290-4. S. 16
  • Peeter Mehisto, Fred Genesee (2015) Building Bilingual Education Systems, Cambridge University Press,
  • Michael Belok, Krishna Gopal (1979) Sisteme educaționale: occidental și oriental. Anu Prakashan
  • García Garrido, José Luis. (ed.) Diagnosticarea sistemului educațional. Madrid, Instituto Nacional de Calidad y Evaluación (Spania) 2000
  • Sam Kaplan (2006) The Pedagogical State: Education and the Politics of National Culture in Post-1980 Turkiye, Stanford University Press
  • Clyde Chitty (1999) Sistemul de educație sa transformat. Tisbury : Cartea de referință OCLC 493660401
  • EURYDICE:Unitatea Europeană (1988) Sistemul de învățământ grecesc, Bruxelles, publicat pentru Comisia Comunităților Europene, Direcția Generală [pentru] Ocuparea Forței de Muncă, Afaceri Sociale și Educație OCLC 19918107
  • Musa Kraja⁠(d) (1998, 2006) Pedagogjia. Tirana, OCLC 45276951

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