Scufundare cu submersibilul lock-in/lock-out

Scufundarea cu submersibilul lock-in/lock-out (LILO) este scufundarea profesională de mare adâncime în care transportul scafandrilor sub apă este realizat cu ajutorul unui submersibil special conceput.
Metoda este asemănătoare cu scufundarea în sistem turelă-cheson, obținându-se o autonomie mai mare de scufundare.

Submersibilul lock-in/lock-out (LILO) are două compartimente principale numite și sas-uri:

  • un sas uscat, ce se află la presiune atmosferică
  • un sas presurizat sau umed pentru scafandri.

Compartimentul uscat

Compartimentul uscat este destinat pilotajului și controlul instalațiilor de bord.
Instalațiile din sasul uscat sunt complexe serving pentru navigație, manevrare, comunicații radio, compresia și decompresia scafandrilor, alimentare cu amestec respirator, energie pentru uneltele de lucru subacvatice etc.

Compartimentul presurizat

Compartimentul presurizat are rol de sas pentru echiparea și dezechiparea scafandrilor, efectuării decompresiei, depozitării uneltelor și dispozitivelor de lucru în apă.

Submersibilul lock-in/lock-out este o combinație între un submersibil, turelă de scufundare și cheson de decompresie.
Submersibilul poate fi cuplat la o barocameră hiperbară aflată pe puntea navei suport în care scafandrii pot continua decompresia la un grad sporit de confort și securitate.

Submersibilul lock-in/lock-out a fost conceput și realizat de francezul Prosper Antoine Payerne în anul 1846 cunoscând o mare dezvoltare în ultimele decenii, când s-au realizat în multe țări din lume o serie de modele, arătate și în tabel.

Elemente componente

Submersibile purtătoare de scafandri lock-in/lock-out

Submersibile purtătoare de scafandri lock-in/lock-out (LILO)[1]
Denumire Constructor An constr. Armator Adâncime
(m)
Greutate
(t)
Viteză
(Nd)
Echipaj
ARGYRONETE C.E.M.A.-Franța 650 282 4 10
ARIES I Hydro Dynamics-Canada Acad.de Științe (U.R.S.S.) 400 14 3 6
BEAVER Rockwell Corp.-S.U.A. 1968 I.U.C.-S.U.A. 823 15,4 5,7 4
BRUKER-AT2 Bruker Physik-R.F.G. 1971 Bruker Physik-R.F.G. 200 9,1 4
DEEP DIVER Perry-S.U.A. 1968 Marine Sciences-S.U.A. 450 8,2 3 4
DEEP JEEP U.S.Navy Arhivat în , la Wayback Machine. 1964 Scripps Institute Arhivat în , la Biblioteca Congresului-S.U.A. 610 4 2 2
G.P.S. Kockmus-Suedia 350 12,5 26
JOHNSON SEA LINK I Alcoa-S.U.A. 1971 Smithsonian Institute-S.U.A. 300 10,7 1,25 3
JOHNSON SEA LINK II Harbour Branch Found.-S.U.A. 1975 Smithsonian Institute-S.U.A. 330 9,5 4
L I Perry-S.U.A. 1973 British Oceanics 360 14 4
LR 4 Vickers Slingsby-U.K. 1978 British Oceanics 457 20 5
LR 5 Vickers Slingsby-U.K. 1978 British Oceanics 457 20 5
MERMAID 3 & 4 Bruker Physik-R.F.G. 1975 I.U.C.-S.U.A. 200 10,5 2 4
MERMAID VI A Bruker Physik-R.F.G. 1979 Mediterranian Navy 600 19,5 5
MERMAID VI B Bruker Physik-R.F.G. 1980 Mediterranian Navy 600 19,5 5
MOANA III, IV & V Comex-Franța 1976 Comex S.A.-Franța 400 9,9 2,5 3
PC-12 Perry-S.U.A. 305 14 5
PC-15 Perry-S.U.A. 15 5
PC-17 Perry-S.U.A. 600 20 4
PC-1202 Perry-S.U.A. 1975 Intersub Arhivat în , la Wayback Machine.-Franța 305 7,3 3 2
PC-1801 & 1802 Perry-S.U.A. 1977 British Oceanics 300 10,9 4
PC-1803 Peryy-S.U.A. 1978 Supersec. Transp. Ltd. 300 12,2 4
PC-1804 Perry-S.U.A. 1977 Perry-S.U.A. 300 12 2,5 4
PRV 2 Pierce-S.U.A. 1976 Pierce Submarines Inc.-S.U.A. 300 8,5 3
SDL-1 Hyco-Canada 1970 Canadian Navy 610 11,8 1,5 5
SHELF DIVER Perry-S.U.A. 1968 Marine Nationale-Franța 240 9 3,5 3
SKADOC Skadoc-Olanda 1973 Skadoc-Olanda 305 3 5 2
SM-358 Comex-Franța 1978 I.R.C.M.-România 300 12,5 3 5
SM-358 Comex-Franța 1979 China 300 12,5 5
SM-359 Comex-Franța 1980 300 18 3 5
SM-360 Comex-Franța 1981 300 25 4 5
SM-369 Comex-Franța 1981 300 65 2 6
TINRO 1 & 2 Ghiproribflot-U.R.S.S. 1973 Tinro-U.R.S.S. 300 65 5,7 6
TS-1 Perry-S.U.A. 1964 Taylor Services-S.U.A. 410 10 4,5 3
URF Kockmus-Suedia 1977 Royal Swedish Navy 460 50 3 5
VOL-L1 Perry-S.U.A. 1973 Vickers Oceanics-U.K. 360 14,5 3,4 5

Note

  1. ^ Dumitru Dinu, Constantin Vlad: Scafandri și vehicule subacvatice, Ed. Științifică și Enciclopedică, București, 1986 (pag.208-217)

Legături externe

Vezi și

Bibliografie

  • Dumitru Dinu, Constantin Vlad: Scafandri și vehicule subacvatice, Ed. Științifică și Enciclopedică, București, 1986
  • Gerhard Haux: Subsea Manned Engineering, Baillière Tindall, London, 1982
  • Mircea Degeratu, Aron Petru, Ștefan Georgescu, Sergiu Ioniță: Tehnologii hiperbare pentru scufundări unitare și în saturație, Ed. Matrix Rom, București, 2008. ISBN 978-973-755-260-0

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