Pilă voltaică

Ilustrație care prezintă alcătuirea unei pile voltaice; electrolitul era soluția salină ce se îmbiba în hârtie.

Pilă voltaică, adesea numită și pila Volta, este prima baterie, un tip de pilă electrică inventată de Alessandro Volta în 1799. Această invenție constă dintr-o coloană verticală compusă dintr-o succesiune de un disc de cupru metalic - un disc de hârtie îmbibată în soluție salină - un disc de zinc (ansamblul numit celulă voltaică). La extremitățile coloanei era atașat câte un fir metalic între care se producea un curent electric continuu de joasă intensitate.

După inventarea sa, pila voltaică a oferit posibilitatea realizării unor experimente în domeniul electrochimiei, precum: descompunerea electrică a apei în elementele componente, oxigen și hidrogen (proces numit electroliză) de către William Nicholson și Anthony Carlisle (1800) și descoperirea și izolarea elementelor chimice sodiu (1807), potasiu (1807), calciu (1808), bor (1808), bariu (1808), stronțiu (1808) și magneziu (1808) de către Humphry Davy.[1][2]

Electrochimie

Tensiunea electromotoare de contact dintre metalele (folosite pe post de) electrozi este datorată concentrației diferite a electronilor[3], aceasta producând un proces de difuzie a electronilor între cele 2 metale până la stabilirea unui echilibru termodinamic caracterizat prin apariția unei diferențe de potențial electric (localizate într-un strat subțire de la suprafața de contact dintre metale) care compensează efectul difuziei[4].

Forța electromotoare

Vezi și

Referințe

  1. ^ Decker, Franco (ianuarie 2005). „Volta and the 'Pile'”. Electrochemistry Encyclopedia. Case Western Reserve University. Arhivat din original la . Accesat în . 
  2. ^ Russell, Colin (august 2003). „Enterprise and electrolysis..”. Chemistry World. 
  3. ^ Nicolae Vasilescu Karpen, Fenomene și teorii noi în electrochimie și chimie fizică, p. 4, 8-10,.. Editura Academiei Române, 1957
  4. ^ Vasile Tutovan, Electricitate și magnetism, vol I, Editura Tehnică, 1984, p 216, 226

Bibliografie

  • Vasile Tutovan, Electricitate și magnetism, vol I, Editura Tehnică, 1984

Lectură suplimentară

  • Igor Tamm, Bazele teoriei electricității, Editura Tehnică, 1952, p. 206-219 (subcapitolul III.5)
  • ***, Dicționar de fizică, Editura Enciclopedică Română, 1972

Read other articles:

Katedral Cayenne

Katedral CayenneKatedral Juruselamat SuciPrancis: Cathédrale Saint-Sauveur de Cayennecode: fr is deprecated Katedral Cayenne4°56′23″N 52°19′54″W / 4.93972°N 52.33167°W / 4.93972; -52.33167Koordinat: 4°56′23″N 52°19′54″W / 4.93972°N 52.33167°W / 4.93972; -52.33167LokasiCayenne, Guyana PrancisNegara Guyana PrancisDenominasiGereja Katolik RomaSejarahNama sebelumnyaGereja Santo NikolasTanggal konsekrasi9 November 1934Ar...

 

Jhākri

Shaman in Nepal and Northeast India Main article: Oracle A Nepali jhākri with a dhyāngro, a traditional frame drum and dancing in their ritual song. A jhākri in Kalimpong, West Bengal, India Statues of jhākri at Banjhakri Falls and Energy Park in Gangtok, Sikkim, India Jhākri (Nepali: झाक्री) is the Nepali word for shaman or diviner. It is sometimes reserved specifically for practitioners of Nepali shamanism, such as that practiced among the Tamang people and the Magars; it i...

 

Alberto Orlando

Alberto Orlando Orlando alla SPAL nel 1968 Nazionalità  Italia Calcio Ruolo Attaccante Termine carriera 1969 Carriera Giovanili 19??-19?? Roma Squadre di club1 1957-1958 Roma6 (1)1958-1959→  Messina30 (17)1959-1964 Roma136 (33)1964-1965 Fiorentina32 (17)1965-1966 Torino25 (5)1966-1968 Napoli60 (11)1968-1969 SPAL6 (0) Nazionale 1962-1965 Italia5 (4) Carriera da allenatore 1972 UPIM Catania(d.t.) 1 I due numeri indicano le presenze e le reti segn...

Shriners Children's 500

NASCAR Cup Series race at Phoenix Raceway Shriners Children's 500NASCAR Cup SeriesVenuePhoenix RacewayLocationAvondale, Arizona, United StatesCorporate sponsorShriners Hospitals for ChildrenFirst race2005Distance312 mi (502.115 km)Laps312Stage 1: 60Stage 2: 125Final stage: 127Previous namesSubway Fresh 500 (2005–2006) Subway Fresh Fit 500 (2007–2009, 2011–2013) Subway Fresh Fit 600 (2010)The Profit on CNBC 500 (2014) CampingWorld.com 500 (2015) Good Sam 500 (2016) Camping ...

 

9th Communication Battalion

9th Communication Battalion9th Commmuications Battalion insigniaActive1 June 1966 – presentCountry United States of AmericaBranch United States Marine CorpsTypeCommunicationsPart ofI Marine Expeditionary Force Headquarters GroupNickname(s)9th CommMotto(s)Professionalism, Reliability, FlexibilityEngagementsOperation Desert Storm Operation Restore Hope Operation Iraqi FreedomCommandersCurrentcommanderLtCol Robert A. Doss IIIMilitary unit 9th Communication Battalion (9th Comm) is a ...

 

US Open 2017

US Open 2017 Sport Tennis Data 28 agosto – 10 settembre Edizione 137ª Categoria Grande Slam (ITF) Superficie Cemento Montepremi 50.400.000 $ Località New York, USA Impianto USTA Billie Jean King National Tennis Center, Flushing Meadows Campioni Singolare maschile Rafael Nadal Singolare femminile Sloane Stephens Doppio maschile Jean-Julien Rojer / Horia Tecău Doppio femminile Latisha Chan / Martina Hingis Doppio misto Martina Hingis / Jamie Murray Singolare ragazzi Wu Yibing Singolare ra...

Nanjing Massacre denial

Denial of the 1937 massacre by Japan Part of a series onDenial of mass killings Instances of denial Denial of atrocities against Indigenous peoples Armenian genocide Holodomor Romani genocide The Holocaust trivialization inversion Congo Free State Nanjing Massacre Genocide of Serbs in the Independent State of Croatia Indonesian mass killings Bangladesh genocide Cambodian genocide Tiananmen Square massacre Katyn massacre Khojaly massacre Rwandan genocide Bosnian genocide Rohingya genocide Scho...

 

State Street (Madison)

Pedestrian mall and attraction in Madison, Wisconsin, US State StreetState St. from Library mall, October 2007Length0.78 mi (1.26 km)LocationMadison, Wisconsin, USConstructionConstruction startJune 1974 State Street is a pedestrian zone located in downtown Madison, Wisconsin, United States, near the State Capitol. The road proper extends from the west corner of land comprising the Capitol (on the southwestern edge of the Madison Isthmus, at the corners of Carroll and Mifflin Streets...

 

List of railway stations in Armenia

Railway stations in Armenia include: Maps UN Map UNHCR Atlas Map Stations Armavir railway station Shorzha railway station, currently used summertimes only A train stopped at Yeraskh Gyumri railway station Sotk railway station, currently used by freight trains only Existing s. NameTransliteration Remarks Location[1] - Երևան Սասունցի ԴավիթYerevan Sasounci David Interchange with Sasounci David metro station Sasounci David Square40°09′19″N 44°30′31″E /...

Angel Trains

British rolling stock company Angel TrainsPredecessorBritish RailFoundedMarch 1994HeadquartersLondon, England[1]Area servedUnited KingdomProductsRolling stock leasingParentAMP Capital Investors (55%)PSP Investments (30%)International Public Partnerships (5%)Websitewww.angeltrains.co.uk Angel Trains is a British rolling stock company (ROSCO). Together with Eversholt Rail Group and Porterbrook, it is one of the three original ROSCOs. Angel Trains was established in March 1994 as part of...

 

List of United States Supreme Court cases by the Marshall Court

Supreme Court of the United StatesMarshall CourtEllsworth Court ← → Taney CourtFebruary 4, 1801 – July 6, 1835(34 years, 152 days)SeatOld Supreme Court ChamberWashington, D.C.No. of positions6 (1801-1807)7 (1807-1835)Marshall Court decisions This is a partial chronological list of cases decided by the United States Supreme Court during the Marshall Court, the tenure of Chief Justice John Marshall from February 4, 1801 through July 6, 1835. Case name Citation Summary...

 

Anime Limited

British anime distribution company Anime LimitedCompany typeSubsidiaryIndustryMultimedia entertainmentGenreAnimeFounded2012; 12 years ago (2012)FounderAndrew PartridgeHeadquartersGlasgow, Scotland, United KingdomArea servedUnited Kingdom, Ireland, France, United States, Canada (home video)Worldwide (music)Key peopleCedric Littardi(Chairman)Andrew Partridge(Managing Director)ParentPlaion Pictures (2022–present)Websitewww.alltheanime.com Anime Limited, also known as All the ...

Saint-Empire romain germanique

Vous lisez un « article de qualité » labellisé en 2008. Cet article concerne le « Premier Reich » (962-1806). Pour le « Deuxième Reich » (1871-1918), voir Empire allemand. Pour l'Allemagne nazie (1933-1945), voir Troisième Reich. Pour les articles homonymes, voir Empire romain (homonymie) et Empire d'Occident. Ne doit pas être confondu avec Empire romain d'Occident, Empire carolingien, Confédération germanique ou Empire allemand. Saint-Empire ro...

 

Peugeot 305

Peugeot 305InformasiProdusenPeugeotMasa produksi1977–1989Bodi & rangkaKelasMobil keluarga kecil/Mobil keluarga besar (C/D)Bentuk kerangka4-pintu sedan5-pintu station wagon3-pintu panel vanTata letakmesin depan, penggerak roda belakangPenyalur dayaMesin1,290 cc XL5 I41,472 cc XR5/XR5S I41,580 cc XU5 I41,905 cc XU9 I41,548 cc XIDL diesel I41,905 cc XUD9 diesel I4DimensiJarak sumbu roda2.620 mm (103 in) sedan[1]Panjang4.240 mm (167&...

 

United States Post Office (Hollywood, Los Angeles)

United States historic post office United States historic placeUS Post Office--Hollywood StationU.S. National Register of Historic Places U.S. Post Office HollywoodShow map of the Los Angeles metropolitan areaShow map of CaliforniaShow map of the United StatesLocation1615 N. Wilcox Ave., Los Angeles, CaliforniaCoordinates34°6′0″N 118°19′50″W / 34.10000°N 118.33056°W / 34.10000; -118.33056Built1937ArchitectClaud BeelmanArchitectural styleArt DecoMPSUS P...

قاعدة بيانات الأفلام العربية

قاعدة بيانات الأفلام العربيةالشعارمعلومات عامةموقع الويب elcinema.com[1] (العربية، ‏الإنجليزية) الشعار النصي بوابة السينمائيين العرب (بالعربية) نوع الموقع استعراضات الأفلام والمسلسلات التلفزيونية وألعاب الفيديو.التأسيس 1 أغسطس 2008 تعديل - تعديل مصدري - تعديل ويكي بيانات قا�...

 

Image Metrics

American company providing facial animation software for the visual effects industries This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: Image Metrics – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (November 2019) (Learn how and when to remove this message) An actress driving the facial performance of a 3D ava...

 

Gorra cruzada

Dos vistas de P2 con una gorra cruzada. Se puede interpretar como una banda de Möbius a la que se asocia una sección circular, de manera parecida a la que se genera un toro. La figura es homeomorfa al plano proyectivo real La banda de Mobius equivale a pegar una cinta a lo largo de un borde consigo misma En matemáticas, una gorra cruzada[1]​ (nombre original en inglés: cross-cap)[2]​ es una superficie bidimensional en el espacio tridimensional que es unilateral, y que además ...

Venus Ramey

American beauty pageant contestant and activist Venus RameyVenus Ramey in 2007Born(1924-09-26)September 26, 1924Somerset, Kentucky, USDiedJune 17, 2017(2017-06-17) (aged 92)Agoura Hills, California, USOccupation(s)Tobacco farmer, activistTitleMiss America 1944PredecessorJean BartelSuccessorBess MyersonSpouse(s) Joseph H. Murphy, Jr. ​ ​(m. 1948)​Children2 Venus Ramey Murphy (September 26, 1924 – June 17, 2017) was an American beauty pageant contestant...

 

10e cérémonie des Satellite Awards

10e cérémonie des Satellite Awards Satellite Awards Organisée par l'International Press Academy Détails Date 17 décembre 2005 Lieu InterContinental, Los Angeles États-Unis Site web http://www.pressacademy.com/ Résumé Meilleur film dramatique Le Secret de Brokeback Mountain Meilleur film musical ou comédie Walk the Line Meilleure série dramatique Dr House Meilleure série comique The Daily Show Chronologie 9e cérémonie des Satellite Awards 11e cérémonie des Satell...