Orion (navă spațială)

Acest articol se referă la nava spațială Orion. Pentru alte sensuri, vedeți Orion (dezambiguizare).
Nava spațială Orion
NASA's Orion Spacecraft for the Artemis 1 mission seen in Plum Brook On December 1, 2019
Nava spațială Orion pentru Artemis 1, decembrie 2019
Producător
OperatorNASA[1]
AplicațiiExplorare cu echipaj dincolo de Orbita joasă a Pământului[2]
Specificații
TipulEchipaj uman
Design life21,1 zile[3]
Masă de lansare
  • Modulul echipajului: 10.400 kg
  • Modulul serviciu: 15.461 kg
  • Total (cu sistem de eșuare): 33.446 kg
Masă uscată
  • Modulul echipajului: 9.300 kg
  • Modulul serviciu: 6.185 kg
Capacitate de încărcare100 kg (încărcătură returnare)
Capacitate echipaj2–6[4]
Volum
  • Presurizat: 20 m3[5]
  • Locuibil: 9 m3
PutereSolară
Dimensiuni
Lungime3,30 m
Diametru5,03 m
Fabricație
StareÎn producție
Construit3
Lansat1
Prima lansare5 decembrie 2014
Asociat cu nava spațială
Derivat din
  • Crew Exploration Vehicle
  • ATV

Orion Multi-Purpose Crew Vehicle este o navă spațială proiectată și dezvoltată de către Lockheed Martin pentru NASA și Airbus Defence and Space pentru ESA[6], pentru realizarea unor misiuni viitoare cu echipaj uman pe Lună, asteroizi (către 2025[7]) și Marte. Nava va fi lansată cu ajutorul rachetei Space Launch System (exceptând zborul-test din 2014). Fiecare navă spațială Orion este proiectată să transporte un echipaj de 0 până la 4 astronauți[3][8].

În zborul-test de debut (fără echipaj), denumit Exploration Flight Test 1 (EFT-1), Orion a fost lansat cu ajutorul unei rachete Delta IV Heavy la 5 decembrie 2014[9][10][11]. Primul zbor cu echipaj la bord este așteptat pentru anul 2021[12].

NASA intenționează să folosească modulul spațial pentru a transporta și astronauți către Stația Spațială Internațională (SSI), astfel capsula va asigura rotația echipajului de pe ISS la fiecare șase luni.

Vezi și

Referințe

  1. ^ „Preliminary Report Regarding NASA's Space Launch System and Multi-Purpose Crew Vehicle” (PDF). NASA. ianuarie 2011. Accesat în . 
  2. ^ „NASA Authorization Act of 2010”. Thomas.loc.gov. Arhivat din original la . Accesat în . 
  3. ^ a b Bergin, Chris (). „NASA ESD set key Orion requirement based on Lunar missions”. NASASpaceFlight.com. Accesat în . 
  4. ^ Moskowitz, Clara (noiembrie 2014). „Deep Space or Bust”. Scientific American. 311 (6): 20. Bibcode:2014SciAm.311f..20M. doi:10.1038/scientificamerican1214-20. 
  5. ^ „Orion Quick facts” (PDF). NASA. . Arhivat din original (PDF) la . Accesat în . 
  6. ^ „ESA workhorse to power NASA's Orion spacecraft / Research / Human Spaceflight / Our Activities / ESA”. Esa.int. . Accesat în . 
  7. ^ SUA testează noua navă spațială Orion Arhivat în , la Wayback Machine. Romanian.ruvr.ru
  8. ^ „Orion – NASA”. Arhivat din original la . Accesat în . 
  9. ^ Bergin, Chris (). „EFT-1 Orion slips to December – Allows military satellite to launch first”. nasaspaceflight.com. NASAspaceflight.com. Arhivat din original la . Accesat în . 
  10. ^ Clark, Stephen (). „Launch schedule shakeup delays Orion to December”. spaceflightnow.com. Arhivat din original la . Accesat în . 
  11. ^ „Orion Exploration Flight Test-1”. aerospaceguide.net. . Arhivat din originalul de la . Accesat în . 
  12. ^ Paul Rincon (). „Nasa budget slashes Martian funds”. BBC News. BBC. Accesat în . 


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