Orbire

Orbirea este fenomenul pierderii totale sau parțiale a vederii din cauza unor factori neurologici sau fiziologici. Au fost elaborate diferite scări de apreciere a gradului pierderii vederii. Cei cu vederea foarte proastă pot doar să diferențieze lumina de întuneric și să indice direcția luminii. Există și unele standarde legale care definesc gradul de orbire al diferitor persoane. Aproximativ 10% din cei care pot fi legal considerați cu vedere slabă sunt orbi compleți.

Dintre cei mai importanți oameni orbi pot fi enumerați Homer, Stevie Wonder, Ray Charles (de la 7 ani) și Sidney Bradford. Erik Weihenmayer este singurul nevăzător care a escaladat Everestul.[1]

În aprilie 2012 la nivel mondial existau 160 de milioane de persoane nevăzătoare.[2]

În anul 2011, în România existau aproximativ 10.000 de nevăzători.[3]

Vezi și

Note

  1. ^ Descopera.ro: Erik Weihenmayer: singurul nevăzător care a cucerit Everestul
  2. ^ Un ochi bionic va transmite imaginile direct în creier, 30 aprilie 2012, Descoperă, accesat la 22 mai 2012
  3. ^ "Ce-i trebuie orbului să știe viteza luminii?!" Arhivat în , la Wayback Machine., 24 noiembrie 2011, Claudiu Berbece, România liberă, accesat la 15 iunie 2013

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