Birmingham Classic

Nature Valley Classic
Informații despre turneu
Fondat1982
Ediții42 (2024)
Oraș gazdăBirmingham
Regatul Unit
LocEdgbaston Priory Club
CategorieWTA 250
SuprafațăIarbă – în aer liber
Participanți32S / 24Q / 16D
Premii bani251.75 $ (2022)
Websitelta.org.uk
Campioni actuali (2023)
Simplu femininLetonia Jeļena Ostapenko
Dublu femininUcraina Liudmila Kicenok
Letonia Jeļena Ostapenko

Birmingham Classic (sponsorizat în prezent de Viking Cruises) este un turneu de tenis care are loc la Edgbaston Priory Club din Edgbaston, Birmingham, Marea Britanie. A fost fondat în 1982. Din [[WTA Tour 2021|sezonul 2021, a fost inclus în categoria WTA 250. Turneul se joacă în iunie, și reprezintă pregătirea pentru turneul de Grand Slam de la Wimbledon. Locul de desfășurare este Edgbaston Priory Club, pe terenuri cu iarbă.

Pam Shriver deține recordul pentru cele mai multe titluri de simplu cu patru (1984–1987 consecutiv).

Rezultate

Simplu

An Campioană Finalistă Scor
2024 Kazahstan Iulia Putințeva Australia Ajla Tomljanović 6–1, 7–6(10–8) Rothesay Classic
2023 Letonia Jeļena Ostapenko Cehia Barbora Krejčíková 7–6(10–8), 6–4
2022 Brazilia Beatriz Haddad Maia Republica Populară Chineză Zhang Shuai 5–4, ret.
2021 Tunisia Ons Jabeur Rusia Daria Kasatkina 7–5, 6–4
2020 Anulat din cauza pandemiei de COVID-19
2019 Australia Ashleigh Barty Germania Julia Görges 6–3, 7–5
2018 Cehia Petra Kvitová (2) Slovacia Magdaléna Rybáriková 4–6, 6–1, 6–2
2017 Cehia Petra Kvitová Australia Ashleigh Barty 4–6, 6–3, 6–2
2016 Statele Unite ale Americii Madison Keys Cehia Barbora Strýcová 6–3, 6–4
2015 Germania Angelique Kerber Cehia Karolína Plíšková 6–7(5–7), 6–3, 7–6(7–4)
2014 Serbia Ana Ivanovic Cehia Barbora Záhlavová-Strýcová 6–3, 6–2
↑  Premier tournament  ↑
2013 Slovacia Daniela Hantuchová Croația Donna Vekić 7–6(7–5), 6–4
2012 Statele Unite ale Americii Melanie Oudin Serbia Jelena Janković 6–4, 6–2
2011 Germania Sabine Lisicki Slovacia Daniela Hantuchová 6–3, 6–2
2010 Republica Populară Chineză Li Na Rusia Maria Sharapova 7–5, 6–1
2009 Slovacia Magdaléna Rybáriková Republica Populară Chineză Li Na 6–0, 7–6(7–2)
2008 Ucraina Kateryna Bondarenko Belgia Yanina Wickmayer 7–6(9–7), 3–6, 7–6(7–4)
2007 Serbia Jelena Janković Rusia Maria Sharapova 4–6, 6–3, 7–5
2006 Rusia Vera Zvonareva Statele Unite ale Americii Jamea Jackson 7–6(14–12), 7–6(7–5)
2005 Rusia Maria Sharapova (2) Serbia și Muntenegru Jelena Janković 6–2, 4–6, 6–1
2004 Rusia Maria Sharapova Franța Tatiana Golovin 4–6, 6–2, 6–1
2003 Bulgaria Magdalena Maleeva Japonia Shinobu Asagoe 6–1, 6–4
2002 Republica Federală Iugoslavia Jelena Dokic Rusia Anastasia Myskina 6–2, 6–3
2001 Franța Nathalie Tauziat (2) Țările de Jos Miriam Oremans 6–3, 7–5
2000 Statele Unite ale Americii Lisa Raymond Thailanda Tamarine Tanasugarn 6–2, 6–7(7–9), 6–4
1999 Franța Julie Halard-Decugis Franța Nathalie Tauziat 6–2, 3–6, 6–4
1998 Anulat după sferturi de finală din cauza ploii
1997 Franța Nathalie Tauziat Indonezia Yayuk Basuki 2–6, 6–2, 6–2
1996 Statele Unite ale Americii Meredith McGrath Franța Nathalie Tauziat 2–6, 6–4, 6–4
1995 Statele Unite ale Americii Zina Garrison-Jackson (2) Statele Unite ale Americii Lori McNeil 6–3, 6–3
1994 Statele Unite ale Americii Lori McNeil (2) Statele Unite ale Americii Zina Garrison-Jackson 6–2, 6–2
1993 Statele Unite ale Americii Lori McNeil Statele Unite ale Americii Zina Garrison-Jackson 6–4, 2–6, 6–3
1992 Țările de Jos Brenda Schultz Australia Jenny Byrne 6–2, 6–2
1991 Statele Unite ale Americii Martina Navratilova (2) Uniunea Republicilor Sovietice Socialiste Natasha Zvereva 6–4, 7–6(8–6)
1990 Statele Unite ale Americii Zina Garrison Cehoslovacia Helena Suková 6–4, 6–1
1989 Statele Unite ale Americii Martina Navratilova Statele Unite ale Americii Zina Garrison 7–6, 6–3
1988 Germania de Vest Claudia Kohde-Kilsch Statele Unite ale Americii Pam Shriver 6–2, 6–1
1987 Statele Unite ale Americii Pam Shriver (4) Uniunea Republicilor Sovietice Socialiste Larisa Savchenko 4–6, 6–2, 6–2
1986 Statele Unite ale Americii Pam Shriver (3) Bulgaria Manuela Maleeva 6–2, 7–6
1985 Statele Unite ale Americii Pam Shriver (2) Statele Unite ale Americii Betsy Nagelsen 6–1, 6–0
1984 Statele Unite ale Americii Pam Shriver Statele Unite ale Americii Anne White 7–6, 6–3
1983 Statele Unite ale Americii Billie Jean King (2) Statele Unite ale Americii Alycia Moulton 6–0, 7–5
1982 Statele Unite ale Americii Billie Jean King Africa de Sud Rosalyn Fairbank 6–2, 6–1

Dublu

An Campioane Finaliste Scor
2024 Taipeiul Chinez Hsieh Su-wei (3)
Belgia Elise Mertens
Japonia Miyu Kato
Republica Populară Chineză Zhang Shuai
6–1, 6–3
2023 Ucraina Marta Kostiuk
Cehia Barbora Krejčíková
Australia Storm Hunter
Statele Unite ale Americii Alycia Parks
6–2, 7–6(9–7)
2022 Ucraina Liudmila Kicenok
Letonia Jeļena Ostapenko
Belgia Elise Mertens
Republica Populară Chineză Zhang Shuai
walkover
2021 Cehia Marie Bouzková
Cehia Lucie Hradecká
Tunisia Ons Jabeur
Australia Ellen Perez
6–4, 2–6, [10–8]
2020 Anulat din cauza pandemiei de COVID-19
2019 Taipeiul Chinez Hsieh Su-wei (2)
Cehia Barbora Strýcová (2)
Germania Anna-Lena Grönefeld
Țările de Jos Demi Schuurs
6–4, 6–7(4–7), [10–8]
2018 Ungaria Tímea Babos (2)
Franța Kristina Mladenovic
Belgia Elise Mertens
Țările de Jos Demi Schuurs
4–6, 6–3, [10–8]
2017 Australia Ashleigh Barty (2)
Australia Casey Dellacqua (2)
Taipeiul Chinez Chan Hao-ching
Republica Populară Chineză Zhang Shuai
6–1, 2–6, [10–8]
2016 Cehia Karolína Plíšková
Cehia Barbora Strýcová
Statele Unite ale Americii Vania King
Rusia Alla Kudryavtseva
6–3, 7–6(7–1)
2015 Spania Garbiñe Muguruza
Spania Carla Suárez Navarro
Cehia Andrea Hlaváčková
Cehia Lucie Hradecká
6–4, 6–4
2014 Statele Unite ale Americii Raquel Kops-Jones
Statele Unite ale Americii Abigail Spears
Australia Ashleigh Barty
Australia Casey Dellacqua
7–6(7–1), 6–1
↑  Premier tournament  ↑
2013 Australia Ashleigh Barty
Australia Casey Dellacqua
Zimbabwe Cara Black
Noua Zeelandă Marina Erakovic
7–5, 6–4
2012 Ungaria Tímea Babos
Taipeiul Chinez Hsieh Su-wei
Statele Unite ale Americii Liezel Huber
Statele Unite ale Americii Lisa Raymond
7–5, 6–7(2–7), [10–8]
2011 Belarus Olga Govortsova
Rusia Alla Kudryavtseva
Italia Sara Errani
Italia Roberta Vinci
1–6, 6–1, [10–5]
2010 Zimbabwe Cara Black (4)
Statele Unite ale Americii Lisa Raymond
Statele Unite ale Americii Liezel Huber
Statele Unite ale Americii Bethanie Mattek-Sands
6–3, 3–2, RET
2009 Zimbabwe Cara Black (3)
Statele Unite ale Americii Liezel Huber (2)
Statele Unite ale Americii Raquel Kops-Jones
Statele Unite ale Americii Abigail Spears
6–1, 6–4
2008 Zimbabwe Cara Black (2)
Statele Unite ale Americii Liezel Huber
Franța Séverine Brémond
Spania Virginia Ruano Pascual
6–2, 6–1
2007 Taipeiul Chinez Chan Yung-jan
Taipeiul Chinez Chuang Chia-jung
Republica Populară Chineză Sun Tiantian
Statele Unite ale Americii Meilen Tu
7–6(7–3), 6–3
2006 Serbia și Muntenegru Jelena Janković
Republica Populară Chineză Li Na
Statele Unite ale Americii Jill Craybas
Africa de Sud Liezel Huber
6–2, 6–4
2005 Slovacia Daniela Hantuchová
Japonia Ai Sugiyama
Grecia Eleni Daniilidou
Statele Unite ale Americii Jennifer Russell
6–2, 6–3
2004 Rusia Maria Kirilenko
Rusia Maria Sharapova
Australia Lisa McShea
Venezuela Milagros Sequera
6–2, 6–1
2003 Belgia Els Callens (3)
Statele Unite ale Americii Meilen Tu
Australia Alicia Molik
Statele Unite ale Americii Martina Navratilova
7–5, 6–4
2002 Japonia Shinobu Asagoe
Belgia Els Callens (2)
Statele Unite ale Americii Kimberly Po-Messerli
Franța Nathalie Tauziat
6–4, 6–3
2001 Zimbabwe Cara Black
Rusia Elena Likhovtseva
Statele Unite ale Americii Kimberly Po-Messerli
Franța Nathalie Tauziat
6–1, 6–2
2000 Australia Rachel McQuillan
Australia Lisa McShea
Zimbabwe Cara Black
Kazahstan Irina Selyutina
6–3, 7–6(7–3)
1999 Statele Unite ale Americii Corina Morariu
Letonia Larisa Neiland (3)
Franța Alexandra Fusai
Argentina Inés Gorrochategui
6–4, 6–4
1998 Belgia Els Callens
Franța Julie Halard-Decugis
Statele Unite ale Americii Lisa Raymond
Australia Rennae Stubbs
2–6, 6–4, 6–4
1997 Statele Unite ale Americii Katrina Adams
Letonia Larisa Neiland (2)
Franța Nathalie Tauziat
Statele Unite ale Americii Linda Wild
6–2, 6–3
1996 Australia Elizabeth Smylie (2)
Statele Unite ale Americii Linda Wild
Statele Unite ale Americii Lori McNeil
Franța Nathalie Tauziat
6–3, 3–6, 6–1
1995 Țările de Jos Manon Bollegraf
Australia Rennae Stubbs (2)
Australia Nicole Bradtke
Australia Kristine Radford
3–6, 6–4, 6–4
1994 Statele Unite ale Americii Zina Garrison-Jackson
Letonia Larisa Neiland
Australia Catherine Barclay
Australia Kerry-Anne Guse
6–4, 6–4
1993 Statele Unite ale Americii Lori McNeil (2)
Statele Unite ale Americii Martina Navratilova
Statele Unite ale Americii Pam Shriver
Australia Elizabeth Smylie
6–3, 6–4
1992 Statele Unite ale Americii Lori McNeil
Australia Rennae Stubbs
Statele Unite ale Americii Sandy Collins
Africa de Sud Elna Reinach
5–7, 6–3, 8–6
1991 Australia Nicole Provis
Australia Elizabeth Smylie
Statele Unite ale Americii Sandy Collins
Africa de Sud Elna Reinach
6–3, 6–4
1990 Uniunea Republicilor Sovietice Socialiste Larisa Savchenko (3)
Uniunea Republicilor Sovietice Socialiste Natasha Zvereva (3)
Statele Unite ale Americii Gretchen Magers
Africa de Sud Lise Gregory
3–6, 6–3, 6–3
1989 Uniunea Republicilor Sovietice Socialiste Larisa Savchenko (2)
Uniunea Republicilor Sovietice Socialiste Natasha Zvereva (2)
Statele Unite ale Americii Meredith McGrath
Statele Unite ale Americii Pam Shriver
7–5, 5–7, 6–0
1988 Uniunea Republicilor Sovietice Socialiste Larisa Savchenko
Uniunea Republicilor Sovietice Socialiste Natasha Zvereva
Uniunea Republicilor Sovietice Socialiste Leila Meskhi
Uniunea Republicilor Sovietice Socialiste Svetlana Parkhomenko
6–4, 6–1
1987 Anulat din cauza ploii
1986 Statele Unite ale Americii Elise Burgin
Africa de Sud Rosalyn Fairbank
Australia Elizabeth Smylie
Australia Wendy Turnbull
6–2, 6–4
1985 Statele Unite ale Americii Terry Holladay
Statele Unite ale Americii Sharon Walsh-Pete (2)
Statele Unite ale Americii Elise Burgin
Statele Unite ale Americii Alycia Moulton
6–4, 5–7, 6–3
1984 Statele Unite ale Americii Leslie Allen
Statele Unite ale Americii Anne White
Statele Unite ale Americii Barbara Jordan
Australia Elizabeth Sayers
7–6, 6–3
1983 Statele Unite ale Americii Billie Jean King
Statele Unite ale Americii Sharon Walsh
Africa de Sud Beverly Mould
Australia Elizabeth Sayers
6–2, 6–4
1982 Regatul Unit Jo Durie
Regatul Unit Anne Hobbs
Statele Unite ale Americii Rosie Casals
Australia Wendy Turnbull
6–3, 6–2

Legături externe

Read other articles:

Erbium(III) klorida Nama Nama IUPAC Erbium(III) klorida Nama lain Erbium triklorida Penanda Nomor CAS 10138-41-7 (anhidrat) N Model 3D (JSmol) Gambar interaktif 3DMet {{{3DMet}}} ChemSpider 59656 Y Nomor EC PubChem CID 66277 Nomor RTECS {{{value}}} UNII 867J5QOF46 N CompTox Dashboard (EPA) DTXSID5064966 InChI InChI=1S/3ClH.Er/h3*1H;/q;;;+3/p-3 YKey: HDGGAKOVUDZYES-UHFFFAOYSA-K YInChI=1/3ClH.Er/h3*1H;/q;;;+3/p-3Key: HDGGAKOVUDZYES-DFZHHIFOAE SMILES Cl[E...

 

1984 murder in Texas, US Angela SamotaBornAngela Marie Samota(1964-09-19)September 19, 1964Alameda, California, U.S.DiedOctober 13, 1984(1984-10-13) (aged 20)Dallas, Texas, U.S.Cause of deathMultiple knife wounds to the heartResting placeLlano Cemetery, Amarillo, TexasOccupationStudentKnown forVictim of rape & murder The murder of Angela Samota occurred on October 13, 1984, when she was attacked while in her apartment, raped and killed. The case remained unsolved until DNA ...

 

Bendera Chinchón Lambang Chinchón Chinchón (pengucapan bahasa Spanyol: [tʃinˈtʃon]) merupakan sebuah kota dan munisipalitas di Madrid, Spanyol. Kota ini terletak 50 km selatan Madrid, dan dianggap sebagai bagian dari Comarca Las Vegas. Hingga 2018[update], wilayah tersebut berpopulasi sebesar 5.239 jiwa dan memiliki area seluas 115,91 km2.[1] Referensi ^ Municipios. Datos del Registro de Entidades Locales. Ministerio de Hacienda y Administraciones Pública...

2015 Indian filmThinkal Muthal Velli VareOfficial posterMalayalam: തിങ്കള്‍ മുതല്‍ വെള്ളി വരെDirected byKannan ThamarakkulamWritten byDinesh PallathProduced byAnto JosephStarringJayaramRimi TomyAnoop MenonRachana NarayanankuttyCinematographyPradeep NairEdited byV. T. SreejithMusic bySaanand George GraceProductioncompanyAnto Joseph Film CompanyDistributed byAnto Joseph Film CompanyRelease date 12 June 2015 (2015-06-12) (India) R...

 

Yūjirō IshiharaYūjirō Ishihara on the poster for Shori-sha (1957)Lahir(1934-12-28)28 Desember 1934Kobe, JepangMeninggal17 Juli 1987(1987-07-17) (umur 52)Shinjuku, Tokyo, JepangKebangsaanJepangPekerjaanPemeran dan penyanyiTahun aktif1956-1982Tinggi183 m (600 ft 4+1⁄2 in)Suami/istriMie Kitahara (1960-1987) (ia meninggal dunia) Yūjirō Ishihara Nama Jepang Kanji: 石原 裕次郎 Hiragana: いしはら ゆうじろう Alih aksara - Romaji: Ishihara Yūjirō Y...

 

Carlo De Bernardi De Bernardi all'Udinese della stagione 1978-1979 Nazionalità  Italia Calcio Ruolo Allenatore (ex ala destra) Termine carriera 1991 - giocatore Carriera Giovanili 1967-1968 Borsanese Squadre di club1 1968-1969 Gallaratese16 (4)1969-1970 Mantova0 (0)1970-1972 Piacenza49 (5)1972-1977 Treviso149 (55)1977-1979 Udinese71 (24)1979-1980 Cesena32 (11)1980-1982 Atalanta65 (17)1982-1984 Modena16 (1)1984-1985 Castanese B.P.M? (?)1985-1988&#...

Village in Estonia For the town in Latvia also known as Kulna in Estonian, see Gulbene. For the city in Bangladesh, see Khulna. Village in Harju County, EstoniaKulnaVillageKulna railway stationCountry EstoniaCountyHarju CountyParishLääne-Harju ParishTime zoneUTC+2 (EET) • Summer (DST)UTC+3 (EEST) Kulna is a village in Lääne-Harju Parish, Harju County in northern Estonia.[1] Kulna has a station on the Elron western route. References ^ Classification of Estonian adm...

 

American music venue This article is about the New Orleans music venue. For the Professor Longhair song, see Tipitina. Tipitina'sTipsTipitina's UptownLocation501 Napoleon Ave., New Orleans, LouisianaOwnerGalacticTypeConcert HallGenre(s)R&B, Rock, JazzCapacity800ConstructionBuilt1912OpenedJanuary 14, 1977WebsiteTipitinas.com Tipitina's is a music venue located at the corner of Napoleon Avenue and Tchoupitoulas Street in Uptown New Orleans, Louisiana, United States. History Local music enth...

 

В Википедии есть статьи о других людях с именем Иоанн. Иоанн Дунс Скотлат. Johannes Duns Scotus Имя при рождении англ. John Duns Псевдонимы Doctor subtilis (Доктор тонкий) Дата рождения 1266(1266) Место рождения Дунс, Бервикшир, Шотландия Дата смерти 8 ноября 1308(1308-11-08) Место смерти Кёльн, Кёльн�...

Jalan utama di Easthampton Easthampton adalah sebuah kota [1] di Hampshire County, Massachusetts, Amerika Serikat. Kota ini berada pada tepi tenggara Lembah Pioneer dekat lima perguruan tinggi di kota Northampton dan Amherst. Populasi di wilayah ini sekitar 16.053 pada sensus 2010.[2] Jumlah penduduk Easthampton pada tahun 2019 diperkirakan mencapai 15.829.[3] Geografi Easthampton terletak tepat di selatan pusat geografis Hampshire County. Berbatasan dengan Southampton...

 

Stearman (Boeing) Model 75 adalah biplan digunakan sebagai pesawat latih militer, yang setidaknya 8,584 dibangun di Amerika Serikat selama tahun 1930-an dan 1940-an.[1] Stearman Aircraft menjadi anak perusahaan dari Boeing pada tahun 1934. Dikenal luas sebagai Stearman, Boeing Stearman atau Kaydet, ia menjabat sebagai pelatih utama untuk USAAF, USN (sebagai NS & N2S), dan dengan RCAF sebagai Kaydet selama Perang Dunia II. Setelah konflik berakhir, ribuan pesawat kelebihan dijual ...

 

Village in Devon, England St Petrock's Church Parracombe is a rural settlement 4 miles (6 km) south-west of Lynton, in Devon, England.[1] It is situated in the Heddon Valley, on Exmoor. The population at the 2011 census was 293.[2] A number Bronze Age barrows exist nearby, along with several other small earth-works throughout the parish. Beacon Castle and Voley Castle both Iron Age Hill forts are situated nearby. Rowley Barton (rough clearing) was a manor mentioned in the...

  لمعانٍ أخرى، طالع جون غليسون (توضيح). هذه المقالة يتيمة إذ تصل إليها مقالات أخرى قليلة جدًا. فضلًا، ساعد بإضافة وصلة إليها في مقالات متعلقة بها. (يوليو 2019) جون غليسون (بالإنجليزية: John Gleeson)‏  معلومات شخصية الميلاد 28 ديسمبر 1938   توومبا  تاريخ الوفاة 25 ديسمبر 2021 (82 س...

 

كتاب رقميمعلومات عامةصنف فرعي من إصدار رقميكتاب جزء من إعلام رقمي الاستعمال قراءة إصدار أو طبعة أو ترجمة لـ In memoriam Frederick Stearns : born April 8th, 1831, died January 13th, 1907. (en) Slipping: Stories, Essays, & Other Writing (en) تاريخ البدء 1971 digital equivalent of نسخة فردية من كتاب ستاك إكستشينج https://www.digital-bookshelf.com/ لديه جزء...

 

مونت ديل فورنو   الموقع كانتون غراوبوندن، سويسرا المنطقة غراوبوندن  إحداثيات 46°20′18″N 9°43′29″E / 46.338333333333°N 9.7247222222222°E / 46.338333333333; 9.7247222222222   الارتفاع 3,214 متر (10,545 قدم) السلسلة سلسلة بريغاغليا النتوء 446 متر (1,463 قدم) الوصول الأول 1876 قائمة جبال الألب تعدي...

Esta página cita fontes, mas que não cobrem todo o conteúdo. Ajude a inserir referências (Encontre fontes: ABW  • CAPES  • Google (N • L • A)). (Julho de 2010) King Buzzo Buzz Osborne Informação geral Nome completo Roger Osborne Nascimento 25 de março de 1964 (60 anos) Local de nascimento Montesano, WashingtonEstados Unidos Gênero(s) Rock experimental, drone metal, Doom metal, música experimental, doom metal, slu...

 

Questa voce sull'argomento calciatori senegalesi è solo un abbozzo. Contribuisci a migliorarla secondo le convenzioni di Wikipedia. Segui i suggerimenti del progetto di riferimento. Victor MendyNazionalità Senegal Altezza180 cm Peso75 kg Calcio RuoloAttaccante Squadra svincolato CarrieraSquadre di club1 2002-2006 Villemomble34 (19)2006-2007 Paris FC30 (12)2007-2010 Metz69 (14)2007-2008→  Clermont Foot21 (8)2010-2011 Bucaspor30 (3)2011-2015 Qəbəl�...

 

British actor (1925–1998) This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: George Murcell – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (March 2013) (Learn how and when to remove this message) George MurcellMurcell in The ChampionsBornArthur George Murcell30 October 1925Naples, Campania, ItalyDied3 December...

Austrian composer (1879–1964) Alma MahlerMahler in 1909BornAlma Margaretha Maria Schindler(1879-08-31)31 August 1879Vienna, Austria-HungaryDied11 December 1964(1964-12-11) (aged 85)New York City, USBurial placeGrinzing Cemetery, ViennaCitizenship Austria United States (from 1946) OccupationsComposersocialiteauthoreditorSpouses Gustav Mahler ​ ​(m. 1902; died 1911)​ Walter Gropius ​ ​(m. 1915; div. 192...

 

الكلف نجمي هي ظاهرة نجمية على الشمس، تسمى كلفة شمسية، حجم الكلفة الشمسية من الصعب جدا الكشف عنه على النجوم الأخرى لأنها صغيرة جدا لتسبب التقلبات التي يمكن اكتشافها في السطوع. المواضع النجمية المرصودة هي بشكل عام أكبر بكثير من تلك الموجودة على الشمس، وهي تصل إلى حوالي 30٪ من...