Ácidos de letras

Ácidos de letras são compostos químicos derivados de substituições em naftaleno, utilizados na síntese orgânica na indústria química, especialmente de corantes azoicos. Cada letra significa uma certa distribuição dos grupos químicos ao redor da molécula de naftaleno. A terminologia ácido advém de serem derivados contendo o grupo ácido sulfônico, devido a este grupo propiciar uma maior solubilidade em água. São apresentados comercialmente também na forma de sais de sódio.[1]

A introdução desta família de compostos químicos na indústria fez crescer tremendamente a variedade de corantes.

Exemplos

O ácido G, de onde deriva o corante orange G, ácido 1-amino-2-naftol-6,8-dissulfônico, foi introduzido em 1916.[2][3]

O ácido H é o ácido 1-amino-8-hidroxi-naftaleno-3,6-dissulfônico, um derivado do 2-naftol, introduzido na indústria em 1915.[4][2]

O ácido sulfo C, o ácido 2-naftilamino-4,6,8-trissulfônico.[5]

O ácido J, ácido 2-amino-5-naftol-7-sulfônico, que possui os derivados ácido sulfo J, ácido 2-amino-5-naftol-1-7-dissulfônico, os derivados N-benzoil, N-metil, N-fenil, N-acetil e ácido R.W. ou diácido J.[6][7]

O ácido K, ácido 2-naftilamina-3,6,8-trissulfônico ou ácido 2-Amino-3,6,8-naftalenotrissulfônico.[8]

O ácido R, ácido 2-naftol-3,6-dissulfônico, de fórmula HOC10H5(SO3H)2, comercializado na forma de seu sal de sódio, C10H6Na2O7S2, foi introduzido em 1916.[2][9]

O chamado ácido de Neville-Winther, ácido 4-hidroxi-1-naftalenessulfônico, também é classificado na indústria como um "ácido de letra", e também foi introduzido em 1916.[10][2]

Referências

  1. ↑ Astrid Rehorek and Alexander Plum; Characterization of sulfonated azo dyes and aromatic amines by pyrolysis gas chromatography/mass spectrometry[ligação inativa]; ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY, Volume 388, Number 8 (2007), 1653-1662, DOI: 10.1007/s00216-007-1390-0
  2. ↑ a b c d National Aniline and Chemical Company - Buffalo, New York - www.colorantshistory.org
  3. ↑ M Govindaraj, M Muthukumar, G Bhaskar Raju; Electrochemical oxidation of tannic acid contaminated wastewater by RuO2/IrO2/TaO2-coated titanium and graphite anodes.; Environmental technology. 12/2010; 31(14):1613-22.
  4. ↑ Claus Christ; Production-Integrated Environmental Protection and Waste Management in the Chemical Industry; John Wiley & Sons, 2008.
  5. ↑ 2-NAPHTHYLAMINE-4,6,8-TRISULFONIC ACID - www.chemicalbook.com
  6. ↑ J-acid - www.jembychemltd.com
  7. ↑ M. Hossein-nezhad, A. Khosravi, K. Gharanjig, S. Moradian; The Synthesis, Application and Investigation Properties of Two New Acid Dyes Based on Naphthalimide; (Journal of Color Science and Technology (2011)
  8. ↑ 2-Amino-3,6,8-naphthalenetrisulfonic acid - www.chemicalbook.com
  9. ↑ 2-NAPHTHOL-3,6-DISULFONIC ACID DISODIUM SALT - chemicalland21.com
  10. ↑ 1-NAPHTHOL-4-SULFONIC ACID SODIUM SALT - www.chemicalland21.com

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