Xote

Xote, xótis, chótis[1] é um ritmo musical binário ou quaternário e uma dança de salão de origem centro-europeia. É um ritmo/dança muito executado no forró. De origem alemã, a palavra "xote" é corruptela de schottische, uma palavra alemã que significa "escocesa", em referência à polca escocesa, tal como conhecida pelos alemães.[2] Conhecido atualmente em Portugal como "chotiça", o Schottische foi levado para o Brasil por José Maria Toussaint, em 1851[3] e tornou-se apreciado como dança da elite no período do Segundo Reinado. Daí, quando os escravos negros aprenderam alguns passos da dança e acrescentaram sua maneira peculiar de bailado, o Schottische caiu no gosto popular com o nome de "xótis" ou simplesmente "xote".[carece de fontes?]

É uma dança muito versátil e pode ser encontrada, com variações rítmicas, desde o extremo sul do Brasil (o xote gaúcho) até o nordeste do país, nos forrós nordestinos. Diversos outros ritmos possuem uma marcação semelhante, podendo ser usados para dançar o xote, que tem incorporado também diversos passos de dança e elementos da música latino-americana, como, por exemplo, alguns passos de salsa, de rumba e mambo. Hoje em dia, o xote é um dos ritmos mais tocados.[carece de fontes?]

Estilos da dança

Alguns estilos de xote:[4]

  • Xote-carreirinho: estilo comum no  Paraná e Rio Grande do Sul, com coreografia próxima à da polca dançada pelos colonos alemães no Brasil, e tradicionalmente tocado com gaitas.
  • Xote-duas-damas: variante de xote, dançado do Rio Grande do Sul, na qual o cavalheiro dança acompanhado de duas damas.
  • Xote-bragantino: estilo popular no Pará, sua coreografia difere bastante da original.

Xote-bragantino

No Pará, a dança foi trazida pelos portugueses, que a cultivavam assiduamente em todas as reuniões festivas. De longe, os escravos assistiam aos movimentos e os guardavam na memória. Em 1798, quando, em Bragança, os escravos fundaram a Irmandade de São Benedito (a Marujada), o xote foi magnificamente aproveitado pelos escravos, tornando-se a mais representativa dança do povo bragantino. Nas festas populares, o xote é executado inúmeras vezes.

Os movimentos coreográficos do xote primitivo praticamente já não existem em Bragança. Nessa cidade, o povo fez belas adaptações, criando detalhes de impressionante efeito visual, que sempre despertam grande entusiasmo em todas as pessoas que assistem e se empolgam com a graciosa desenvoltura das dançarinas. Utilizando os mesmos instrumentos típicos das demais danças folclóricas paraenses, o xote tem, obrigatoriamente, solos de violino (rabeca) e o canto, puxado por um dos integrantes do conjunto musical. Tanto as damas quanto os cavalheiros apresentam-se com trajes festivos, já bastante modernizados, o que comprova que o xote atual está muito longe da sua forma primitiva.

Algumas músicas consideradas xote:

  • Eu só quero um xodó (Dominguinhos e Anastácia)
  • Xote das meninas (Luiz Gonzaga e Zé Dantas)
  • Espumas ao vento (Raimundo Fagner)
  • Bate Coração (Elba Ramalho)
  • Regresso (Elba Ramalho)
  • Nosso xote (Bicho de Pé)
  • Xote da alegria (Falamansa)
  • Xote dos milagres (Falamansa)
  • Colo de menina (Rastapé)
  • Beijo roubado (Rastapé)
  • Xote laranjeira (Domínio Popular)
  • Querência amada (Teixeirinha)
  • Panelha velha (Moraezinho)
  • Baile na serra (Os Bertussi)
  • Outro baile na serra (Porca Veia)
  • Xote no sul (Mário Barbará)
  • Xote de Copacabana (Jackson do Pandeiro)

Ver também

Referências

  1. ↑ Academia Brasileira de Letras. Disponível em http://www.academia.org.br/abl/cgi/cgilua.exe/sys/start.htm?sid=23. Acesso em 23 de outubro de 2013.
  2. ↑ Cf. Dicionário eletrônico Houaiss da língua portuguesa. Verbete "xote".
  3. ↑ Cf. Nova enciclopédia Barsa (versão eletrônica). Verbete "xote".
  4. ↑ Cf. ENCICLOPÉDIA da Música Brasileira: erudita, folclórica, popular. 2a. ed. rev. atual. Art Editora, 1998. pág. 837.

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