Voo Spanair 5022

Voo Spanair 5022
Voo Spanair 5022
A aeronave envolvida em julho de 2008, um mês antes da queda
Sumário
Data 20 de agosto de 2008
Causa
Local Espanha Aeroporto de Madrid-Barajas, Espanha
Coordenadas 40° 29′ 03″ N, 3° 34′ 00″ O
Origem Aeroporto de Madrid-Barajas
Destino Aeroporto de Gran Canária
Passageiros 162
Tripulantes 10
Mortos 153
Feridos 19
Sobreviventes 19
Aeronave
Modelo McDonnel Douglas MD-82
Operador Espanha Spanair
Prefixo EC-HFP

O voo JK 5022 da Spanair foi uma rota comercial de passageiros entre o aeroporto de Barajas em Madrid e a ilha de Gran Canária. Em 20 de agosto de 2008 a aeronave que operava essa rota, um modelo McDonnel Douglas MD-82, sofreu um acidente, causando a morte de 153 dos 172 ocupantes. A aeronave caiu imediatamente após decolar da pista 36L do Aeroporto de Barajas.

Serviços de emergência no local do acidente

Primeiro acidente com mortes na história da Spanair, foi o pior desastre aéreo ocorrido no continente espanhol desde o acidente com o voo Iberia 610 em 19 de fevereiro de 1985.[1][2] Já o pior acidente aéreo de todo o território espanhol foi o Desastre de Tenerife, em 27 de março de 1977 na ilha de Tenerife, considerado também o maior desastre aéreo da história, com 583 mortes.

Acidente

Esquema do local do acidente

O acidente ocorreu devido a um erro dos pilotos em não acionar os flaps e slats, conforme exigido para a decolagem. Sem o uso destes dispositivos as asas não poderiam gerar elevação suficiente para manter a aeronave no ar durante a decolagem.[3] A aeronave saiu do solo momentaneamente, rolou para a direita, e impactou o chão ao lado da pista. 

O acidente ocorreu na segunda tentativa de decolagem. Uma hora antes, os pilotos tinham abortado uma decolagem porque um sensor indicou temperaturas excessivas em uma entrada de ar, e o avião voltou ao pátio para verificação do problema. Esse sensor foi desativado no solo (segundo se informa um procedimento estabelecido) e outra decolagem foi então tentada,[4] durante o qual o acidente ocorreu.

O MD-82 possui um sistema de aviso de decolagem que deveria ter alertado os pilotos de que o avião não estava corretamente configurado para a decolagem. No entanto, o aviso não soou pois o mesmo sensor que foi desativado era o responsável por acionar o alarme de configuração de decolagem.

A tripulação perdeu o controle da aeronave devido a um estol imediatamente depois da decolagem, como consequência de uma configuração inadequada das superfícies de controle de voo flaps e slats, depois de uma série de erros e omissões, combinados com a ausência do aviso de configuração de decolagem inadequada. A tripulação não identificou os avisos de estol e não corrigiu a situação após a decolagem, retardando momentaneamente a aceleração dos motores. Os ângulos de inclinação não foram corrigidos, levando a um incremento da condição de estol e consequente perda de controle. A tripulação não foi capaz de detectar o erro de configuração porque negligenciou a lista de verificação (check-list), com as etapas de seleção e verificação das posições dos flaps e slats antes da decolagem.[5]

Ver também

Referências

  1. ↑ «Pior acidente aéreo na Espanha desde 1985 deixa mais de 100 mortos». IG. 20 de agosto de 2008. Arquivado do original em 29 de setembro de 2018 
  2. ↑ «Spanish plane that crashed had overheated valve» (em inglês). Associated Press. 21 de agosto de 2008. Arquivado do original em 2 de setembro de 2008 
  3. ↑ «Aircraft crew blamed for Spanair jet crash which killed 154». Mail Online 
  4. ↑ «BBC NEWS | Europe | Many dead in Madrid plane crash». news.bbc.co.uk (em inglês). Consultado em 26 de fevereiro de 2017 
  5. ↑ Relatório final

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