Variável Alpha2 Canum Venaticorum

Uma estrela variável Alpha2 Canum Venaticorum, ou estrela variável α2 CVn, é um tipo de estrela variável. Estas estrelas são estrelas quimicamente peculiares da sequência principal de classe espectral B8p até A7p.

Possuem um forte campo magnético e linhas espectrais fortes de silício, estrôncio ou crómio. A sua luminosidade varia tipicamente entre 0,01 até 0,1 magnitudes, ao longo de 0,5 até 160 dias.[1]

Em adição às intensidades, as intensidades e perfis das linhas espectrais destas estrelas variáveis também sobrem variações, tal como o seu campo magnético. Os períodos destas variações são todos iguais, e julga-se serem iguais ao período de rotação da estrela. Pensa-se que são causadas por uma distribuição não-homogénea de metais na atmosfera destas estrelas, fazendo com que a superfície da estrela varie de intensidade de ponto para ponto.[2]

Para além destas variações, as estrelas do subtipo ACV0 apresentam pulsações do tipo não-radial, sendo estas de pequena amplitude e com períodos que 0,003 a 0,1 dias.[3]

Exemplos

A estrela-tipo, a partir da qual a classe é nomeada é a α2 Canum Venaticorum, uma estrela no sistema binário de Cor Caroli, localizada na constelação de Canes Venatici. A sua luminosidade flutua em 0,14 magnitudes com um período de 5,47 dias.[4]

Na tabela seguinte estão as estrelas variáveis desta classe mais brilhantes:[5]

Nome Designação de Bayer Magnitude aparente máxima Amplitude da variação (magnitudes) Período (dias)
Alioth Epsilon Ursae Majoris 1,76 0,02 5,0887
Alpheratz Alfa Andromedae 2,02 0,04 0,9662
Theta Aurigae 2,62 0,08 1,3735
Cor Caroli Alfa2 Canum Venaticorum 2,84 0,14 5,4694
Mu Leporis 2,97 0,44 2
Alfa Circini 3,18 0,03 ?
Alfa Doradus 3,26 0,04 2,95
Nusakan Beta Coronae Borealis 3,65 0,07 18,487
Fi Draconis 4,22 0,04 1,7165
Beta Hydrae 4,27 0,04 2,344
Delta3 Tauri 4,29 0,03 57,25
Omega Ophiuchi 4,44 0,07 2,99
Iota Cassiopeiae 4,45 0,08 1,74

Referências

  1. ↑ Variability types, General Catalogue of Variable Stars, Sternberg Astronomical Institute, Moscow, Russia. Accessed on line August 20, 2008.
  2. ↑ pp. 83–85, Variable Stars, Michel Petit, foreword by Paolo Maffei, tr. from French by W. J. Duffin, Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, 1987, ISBN 0-471-90920-3.
  3. ↑ Patrick Moore, Philip's Astronomy Encyclopedia, Philips; Fully rev. and expanded ed edition (June 25, 2002)
  4. ↑ alf 2 CVn , entrada na base de dados, General Catalogue of Variable Stars, Sternberg Astronomical Institute, Moscow, Russia. Acedida online a 20 de Agosto de 2008.
  5. ↑ Variables of a2 Canum Venaticorum type (Alcyone) - Nota: Nashira (γ Capricorni) está catalogada como variable Alfa2 Canum Venaticorum na base de dados SIMBAD.
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