A Universidade de Uppsala (UU; em sueco: Uppsala universitet, ouça a pronúncia; em inglês: Uppsala University) ou Universidade de Upsália [1] é uma universidade pública localizada na cidade de Uppsala, na Suécia. É a mais antiga universidade na Escandinávia, fundada em 1477. [2][3][4][5]
Destaca-se nas áreas da investigação e ensino superior. Oito dos seus professores e investigadores foram galardoados com o Prémio Nobel e no total quinze pessoas, que de alguma forma estão relacionadas com a universidade, também receberam o prémio.[6]
Tinha 52 917 estudantes, dos quais 2 466 doutorandos, e contava com 1 834 professores e 7 622 funcionários (2023). [7]
Fundada por iniciativa do arcebispo de Uppsala Jakob Ulfsson e do regente sueco Sten Sture, com uma bula do Papa Sisto IV em 1477, inicialmente o ensino consistia em filosofia, direito e teologia. Após o turbulento período que sucedeu à reforma, com fases de extinção virtual, a universidade tomou novos ares a partir do final do século XVI, com o surgimento da Suécia como potência regional e estado luterano, tendo alcançado mais tarde relativa estabilidade financeira, graças a um grande donativo feito pelo Rei Gustavo Adolfo II no século XVII. No século XVIII a Universidade de Uppsala ganhou destaque com seus cientistas: matemático e físico Samuel Klingenstierna (1698-1765) nomeado professor em 1728, o físico e astrónomo Anders Celsius em 1729, e Carlos Lineu que foi professor de medicina e botânica a partir de 1741. Durante a segunda metade do século XIX, ocorreram grandes investimentos nas ciências naturais. Um observatório astronômico, um laboratório químico e físico foram estabelecido e ampliaram o Hospital Acadêmico foi ampliado. Svedberg recebeu o Prêmio Nobel de 1926 por sua pesquisa molecular em uma ultracentrífuga, o qual se tornou o Acelerador de Partículas no Laboratório Svedberg da Universidade. Durante a segunda metade do século XX, grandes esforços políticos foram feitos para ampliar o recrutamento para a academia. A universidade e o número de estudantes cresceram consideravelmente. MNovos edifícios universitários e unidades de alojamento estudantil foram construídos por toda a cidade. Entretanto, com a abertura de novas universidades pelo país, também caiu a procura por essa instituição. [5] [8]
A universidade tem nove faculdades distribuídas em três grandes áreas. Recebeu, em 2007, cerca de 41 000 estudantes, entre eles 2 400 candidatos a doutorado. Dos seus 6 000 empregados, 3 800 são professores.
Mantém alianças com a European University Association, pertencendo também ao Grupo Coimbra de universidades europeias. Possui intercâmbio com cerca de 50 universidades na Europa, Canadá e Estados Unidos.
O Campus Universitário consiste em diversos edifícios, muitos dos quais históricos, dispersos por toda a cidade de Uppsala.
A Biblioteca da Universidade de Uppsala é a maior e mais antiga biblioteca universitária da Suécia. Foi fundada em 1620. Está instalada desde 1841 no edifício Carolina Rediviva. [5] [9] Tem mais de 2 milhões de volumes e 30 000 manuscritos, entre os quais, o manuscrito gótico da Bíblia Codex Argenteus, o Codex Upsaliensis, contendo o texto da Edda em prosa, e a Carta marina, o primeiro mapa conhecido das terras nórdicas e bálticas. [10] [11] [12]
A Universidade de Uppsala é geralmente classificado como uma das principais da Suécia, e estando em posição de destaque na Europa e no mundo. Na edição de 2019 do Ranking de Xangai (Academic Ranking of World Universities), ficou classificado em 62º lugar, sendo a segunda melhor universidade sueca nesse ranking. Os seus investigadores e alunos publicam cerca de 5 000 artigos e livros científicos por ano.[13][14]
Como parte do tradicional protocolo Prêmio Nobel, seus laureados de cada ano dão uma palestra na universidade.
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