Touro Sentado

Touro Sentado
Touro Sentado
Nascimento Jumping Badger
1831
Grand River
Morte 15 de dezembro de 1890 (58–59 anos)
Território de Dakota
Sepultamento Sitting Bull Monument
Cidadania Estados Unidos
Etnia Povo dacota
Cônjuge Light Hair, Four-Robes-Woman, Snow-on-Her, Seen-by-her-Nation, Scarlet Woman
Filho(a)(s) Crow Foot, son of Sitting Bull
Ocupação chefe tribal, curandeirismo
Empregador(a) Buffalo Bill's Wild West Show
Causa da morte perfuração por arma de fogo
Assinatura
Assinatura de Touro Sentado

Touro Sentado (em dacota: Tatanka Iyotake; na ortografia padrão do dacota: Tȟatȟáŋka Íyotake;[1] em inglês: Sitting Bull; também conhecido como Slon-he ou Slow, "Devagar"; meados de 1831 – 15 de Dezembro de 1890) foi um chefe indígena da etnia sioux hunkpapa. Viveu entre os anos de 1831 e 1890.

Touro Sentado chegou a ser famoso por conduzir três mil e quinhentos indígenas sioux e cheyenne contra o Sétimo Regimento de Cavalaria Americana, que estava sob as ordens do general Custer, na batalha de Little Bighorn em 25 de junho de 1876, na qual o exército federal foi derrotado.

Perseguido pelo exército dos Estados Unidos, Touro Sentado levou os seus homens até ao Canadá, onde permaneceram até 1881. Neste ano regressou com o seu povo aos Estados Unidos para que se entregasse e acabasse assim a guerra. Touro Sentado não conseguiu uma porção de terras canadenses, porque a Rainha Vitória o considerava um selvagem dos Estados Unidos.

Nos anos seguintes Touro Sentado fez parte do show de Buffalo Bill.

Touro Sentado teria se sentido atraído pela Dança dos Fantasmas, grupo religioso fundado pelo suposto messias Wovoca. Segundo o profeta, que se dizia o próprio Cristo, a dança faria com que no próximo ano a terra engolisse os homens brancos das terras dos indígenas. O governo dos Estados Unidos viu nestas danças uma ameaça e enviou uma polícia para prender o chefe hunkpapa. Touro Sentado e seu filho morreram baleados na luta que se seguiu à tentativa de prisão.

Em sioux, Tatanka Iyotake significa «Bisão Macho Sentado». O nome de Touro Sentado chegou ao português através da tradução do inglês, Sitting Bull, posto que bull, além de significar touro, utiliza-se para denominar os machos de animais similares aos bois, como os búfalos e bisões.

Referências

  1. ↑ New Lakota Dictionary, 2008

Bibliografia

  • Ullrich, Jan. New Lakota Dictionary. Lakota Language Consortium, 2008.vro
  • Dee Brown, Enterrem meu coração da curva do rio. Editora Círculo do Livro S/A - 1970
  • National Geographic Channel . Arquivos Confidenciais- Touro Sentado, 2011

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