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Tibil

Na cosmologia mandeia, Tibil (mandeu: ࡕࡉࡁࡉࡋ), ou ocasionalmente Arqa ḏ-Tibil (lit. “Terra-Tibil”),[1] é a Terra (mundo) ou o reino médio terrestre. Ela é separada do Mundo da Luz (alma ḏ-nhūra) acima e do Mundo das Trevas (alma ḏ-hšuka) abaixo por ayar (éter).[2]

Para alcançar o Mundo da Luz (alma ḏ-nhūra) a partir de Tibil, os mandeus creem que é necessário estabelecer laufa (conexão, união), a fim de serem reunidos novamente ao Mundo da Luz. O laufa é recriado e reafirmado pelos sacerdotes por meio de rituais como a maṣbuta (batismo). Após a morte, os sacerdotes devem realizar rituais de masiqta para ajudar a alma do falecido a navegar com sucesso desde Tibil através das várias maṭarta (estações de vigia) que se encontram no caminho, até alcançar o Mundo da Luz.[3]

Etimologia

Häberl (2022) considera Tibil um empréstimo do hebraico tebel (תֵבֵל).[4]

Ver também

Referências

  1. ↑ Nasoraia, Brikha H. S. (2021). The Mandaean Gnostic Religion: Worship Practice and Deep Thought. New Delhi: Sterling. ISBN 978-81-950824-1-4 
  2. ↑ Aldihisi, Sabah (2008). The story of creation in the Mandaean holy book in the Ginza Rba (PhD). University College London 
  3. ↑ Buckley, Jorunn Jacobsen (2002). The Mandaeans: Ancient Texts and Modern People. Nova Iorque: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-515385-5 
  4. ↑ Häberl, Charles (2022). The Book of Kings and the Explanations of This World: A Universal History from the Late Sasanian Empire. Liverpool: Liverpool University Press. p. 220. ISBN 978-1-80085-627-1 


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