Teste do pato

 Nota: Para o uso do "teste do pato" na comunidade da Wikipédia, veja Wikipédia:PATO.

O teste do pato é um tipo de abdução baseada no ditado popular jocoso em inglês que diz que:

Isto parece com um pato, nada como um pato e grasna como um pato. Então, provavelmente é um pato.

O teste sugere que uma pessoa pode compreender a natureza verdadeira de um sujeito desconhecido observando as caraterísticas prontamente identificáveis do sujeito.[1]

História

Não se sabe ao certo qual a origem do provérbio e pode ter sido uma adaptação da navalha de Occam, um princípio atribuído ao especialista inglês em lógica do século XIV e o frade franciscano William de Ockham. As primeiras referências incluem Richard James Cushing, que usou a frase em 1964 referindo-se a Fidel Castro.[2] Richard Cunningham Patterson, embaixador dos Estados Unidos na Guatemala durante a Guerra Fria em 1950, usou a frase quando acusou o governo de Jacobo Arbenz Guzmán de ser Comunista. Patterson explicou o seu raciocínio da seguinte forma:

Para Patterson e outros funcionários dos Estados Unidos, muitas caraterísticas do governo Arbenz indicavam que este estava decidido a implementar reformas revolucionárias. Na sua opinião, a censura do governo Arbenz da imprensa dissidente, a preferência do investimento estatal sobre capital privado, reforma agrária, medidas anti-imperialista, e as reformas democráticas (como a legalização ds sindicatos) preenchiam os critérios para ser rotulado de comunista.

O termo teste do pato ainda é frequentemente usado nos Estados Unidos para descrever o processo de atribuir a identidade de um desconhecido baseado nas suas caraterísticas, especialmente em certas formas da computação.

O teste muitas vezes é usado para identificar algo que é supostamente mau, e justificar o uso da lógica indutiva em infligir punição.

Ver também

Referências

  1. ↑ examiner.com. «The Duck Test / Stop ignoring what your eyes reveal». Consultado em 5 de dezembro de 2013 
  2. ↑ Denver, Joseph(1965),«Cushing of Boston: A Candid Portrait» (em inglês) 

Bibliografia

  • Immerman, Richard H. (1982), written at Austin, Texas, The CIA in Guatemala: The Foreign Policy of Intervention, University of Texas Press
  • Christy, Howard Chandler (1982), The complete works of James Whitcomb Riley
  • Denver, Joseph (1965), Cushing of Boston: A Candid Portrait

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